作　　者： (高晶磊）; (张竺泉）; (高婷婷）; (张涵）; (孔一西）; (梅松丽）;

机构地区： 吉林大学公共卫生学院,长春130021

出　　处： 《医学与社会》 2017年第9期70-73,共4页

摘　　要： 目的:了解沈阳市某小学学生身体形态发育现状,为小学生身体形态发育提供纵向研究资料。方法:采用追踪调查的方法,连续5年对整群抽样的沈阳市某小学303名小学生的身高与体重进行监测。运用重复测量方差分析法分析小学生6-10岁身高、体重的变化及差异性。通过秩和检验分析小学生超重与肥胖率的逐年变化及总体差异性。结果:被调查小学生的身高、体重年龄间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),均随着年龄的增长而增长。男生与女生体重的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),男生均高于女生。在各年龄期间,身高、体重均高于全国标准。随着年龄增长,超重和肥胖检出率呈上升趋势,BMI正常人数比例减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男生的超重与肥胖率均高于女生。结论:沈阳市某小学学生的身高、体重均符合儿童身体形态发育的基本规律,但肥胖检出率高于全国平均水平,需要学校、家庭、社会三方共同采取有效、可行的干预措施以降低小学生超重和肥胖的发生。 Objective： To understand the status of physical development of pupils in Shenyang City, and to provide longitudinal data for the development of pupils＇ body shape. Methods： The height and weight of 303 primary school students in a primary school in Shenyang City were measured by the method of follow - up survey for 5 consecutive years. The variance analysis of variance was used to analyze the changes and differences of height and weight between 6 - 10 years old pupils. The rank-sum test was used to analyze the year-on-year variation and overall difference of overweight and obesity among primary school students. Results： The differences in height, weight and age among the pupils surveyed were statistically significant （P〈0.001） , all of which increased with age. The difference between male and female weight was statistically significant （P〈0.001） , boys were higher than girls. In all ages, height and weight were higher than the national standard. With the increase of age, the detection rate of over- weight and obesity showed an increasing trend, and the proportion of BMI normal population decreased, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Boys overweight and obesity rates were higher than girls. Conclusion： The height and weight of pupils in Shenyang are in accordance with the basic law of physical development of children, but the detection rate of obesity is higher than the national average, and it needs the school, family and society to work together to take effective and feasible intervention measures so as to reduce primary school students overweight and obesity.

关 键 词： 身高 体重 超重 肥胖 小学生