作　　者： (李程宇）;

机构地区： 郑州轻工业学院经济与管理学院,中国郑州450001

出　　处： 《上海商学院学报》 2017年第3期1-10,共10页

摘　　要： 美国退出《巴黎协定》,为全世界治理气候变化的努力带来了变数。本文分析了目前全球环境政策所面临的主要挑战,通过研究发现,一方面存在环境政策的"囚徒困境"现象,另一方面《联合国气候变化框架公约》自身作为政治谈判的产物,也存在一定的顶层设计漏洞,容易忽视潜在的最大污染来源,会陷入不断签署新约的恶性循环。同时,环境问题的最大威胁也并不是来源于环境政策本身,而可能会是来自于产业政策、人口政策、贸易政策等其他经济政策的挑战。通过将环境问题回归到经济学的思考,本文发现虽然全球环境政策的实施具有一定困难,但是如果积极合作,配合选取适当的政策工具,是可以破解全球环境政策"囚徒困境"的,比如各国对于退出《巴黎协定》后的美国统一开征等额的碳关税等手段。 The withdrawal of the United States from the Paris agreement has brought about a change in the efforts of the world to tackle climate change. This paper analyzes the current main challenges facing the global environmental policy. The author found that on the one hand, there is a ＂Prisoner＇s Dilemma＂ in the environmental policy~ and on the other hand, as a result of political negotiations, the ＂United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change＂ itself appears to have some flaws in its top- level design, which allows the largest potential source of pollution to be ignored, and leads to a vicious cycle of signing the new testaments continuously. In the meantime, the biggest threat to environmental problems is not from the environment policy itself, but also from other economic policies, such as industrial policy, population policy and trade policy. By analyzing environmental problems and returning to the thinking of economics, this paper has found that although the implementation of the global environmental policy is facing difficulties, the ＂Prisoner＇s Dilemma＂ can be broken if all countries cooperate actively with each other and choose a selection of appropriate policy instruments, such as the other countries collecting a carbon tariff from the United States.

关 键 词： 巴黎协定 环境政策 环境外部性