作　　者： (张双）; (谷俊涛）; (王进茂）; (左力辉）; (杨敏生）;

机构地区： 河北农业大学林学院,河北省林木种质资源与森林保护重点实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处： 《园艺学报》 2017年第8期1609-1618,共10页

摘　　要： 分析来源于不同产地的刺槐群体生长和遗传多样性,以期了解刺槐在中国的地理变异模式,为其良种选育和栽培利用提供参考。用全国19个刺槐产地种子育苗,在河北保定营建对比试验林,对其生长性状进行调查分析,并对19个群体共570个样本进行SSR标记分析。对5年生试验林的调查结果表明,19个刺槐群体间在存活率、树高和胸径上均表现为显著差异,存活率为53.33%~83.33%,树高区间为5.65~6.61 m,胸径为4.28~5.48 cm。不同产地的群体间生长性状存在显著差异,表现为以试验林栽植地区为中心向外辐射,距离试验地点越远的群体,存活率和生长量越低,表明刺槐在生长性状上形成地理变异,具有丰富的遗传多样性。SSR分析表明,总的基因多样性(H_T)的变化幅度为0.5154~0.7569,遗传分化系数(G_(ST))平均值为0.0128,种群间的变异只占1.28%,绝大部分变异存在于种群内。19个刺槐群体的有效等位基因数、预期杂合度和观测杂合度均表现为由北向南增加趋势。群体的生长指标和SSR遗传参数与产地地理因素显著相关;树木存活率和遗传参数显著相关。试验结果表明,来自不同产地刺槐群体遗传多样性丰富,已初步形成地理变异,表现为产地距离试验地点越远的群体,存活率和生长量越低;受纬度和年均温的影响,群体遗传参数均表现为由北向南增加的趋势。 This paper studies the genetic diversity in different geographical conditions can help to tmderstand geographic variation pattern of black locust in China, which can be a reference for the cultivation. Contrast experimental forests were built in Baoding, Hebei with black locust seeds collected from 19 provenances, and the growth traits were investigated~ Analysis of SSR markers of 19 populations of total 570 samples are done. Investigation of 5-year-old experimental forest showed that different groups in survival rate, height and diameter at breast height （DBH） had significant differences, that survival rate ranged 53.33% - 83.33%, height changed in 5.65 - 6.61 m, DBH distributed in 4.28 - 5.48 cm. There was a significant differences in growth traits among populations of different origins, that the performance of the experimental forests planting area as the center radiates outside. The population which farther away from the test site, has a lower survival rate and growth, that indicates the black locust have formed geographical variations in growth traits, with abundant genetic diversity. SSR analysis showed that the total genetic diversity （H-r） changes in amplitude of 0.5154 - 0.7569, and coefficient of genetic differentiation （GsT） has an average of 0.0128. The variation among populations only 1.28% shows that the most variation within populations. The number of effective alleles, expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity of 19 black locust populations show increasing from north to south. Correlation analysis of growth traits and genetic parameters showed significant negative correlations. The black locust from different origins have an abundant genetic diversity, that has initially formed a geographical variation. The results show that the farther away from the test site, the populations have the lower survival rate and growth; affected by latitude and the annual mean temperature, number of effective allele, expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity both showed trend of increa

关 键 词： 刺槐 遗传多样性 适应性