作　　者： (林玉虾）; (林璧属）;

机构地区： 厦门大学管理学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处： 《经济管理》 2017年第9期133-148,共16页

摘　　要： 世界遗产旅游与遗产保护之间关系的衡量,关键在于遗产的人数效应和收入效应,然而,鲜有学者分析和比较这两者的差异,以及其在文化遗产和自然遗产影响上的异同。本文以中国大陆各省市为例,采用1999—2014年共16年的面板数据分析世界遗产对旅游的影响,主要发现:(1)世界遗产对国内旅游人数的影响略低于其对国内旅游收入的影响,但对入境旅游的人数效应显著高于其收入效应。从其对旅游的整体影响来看,世界遗产的总人数效应略高于世界遗产的总收入效应。(2)将世界遗产分为文化遗产和自然遗产,文化遗产的收入效应较高,而自然遗产的人数效应较强。(3)进一步分析发现,不管是总世界遗产、文化遗产或是自然遗产,世界遗产对入境旅游的人数效应高于其对国内旅游的人数效应,而世界遗产对入境旅游的收入效应低于其对国内旅游的收入效应。上述研究结果表明,世界遗产的品牌效应和价值效应在影响效力上有所不同,同时,对遗产客源结构、产品调整及遗产保护等均存在一定的启示,本文结合研究结果对此进行了讨论与分析。 There is an urgent need of study the effect of World Heritage Sites. First, the determinants of the re- lationship between heritage tourism and heritage protection are arrival effect and tourism economic effect of World Heritage Sites. This is because too many tourists would impose pressure on the protection of World Heritage Sites, but revenues from tourism development is an important source of finance in protecting heritage sites. Second, differ- ent groups of stakeholders are interested in different tourism demand indicators. Tourism supplier are more con- cerned with tourist arrivals, because the number of tourists would directly affect their supply. While, local govern- ments and bankers are more interested in tourism economic effect, which they can based on to make decisions. However, little research was done to analyze the difference of arrival effect and economic effect of World Heritage Sites, and compared their difference between World Cultural Heritage Sites and World Natural Heritage Sites. Third, inbound tourism and domestic tourism play different roles in the development of tourism. Inbound tourism is an important way of create a positive image of heritage site and the country, and contributes to the balance of international payments. In comparison, domestic tourism accounts for the main market of tourism industry, and is a best way to educate the value of World Heritage Sites. Yet, few scholars had paid much attentions to both inbound tourism and domestic tourism.

关 键 词： 世界遗产 旅游人数 旅游收入 市场差异 遗产保护