作　　者： (王帅）; (权海云）; (任祯慧）; (宋润杰）; (杨琳）; (赵宝玉）; (路浩）;

机构地区： 西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处： 《中国兽医学报》 2017年第9期1802-1806,共5页

摘　　要： 疯草已成为危害我国西部草原畜牧业发展的主要毒草,其主要有毒成分苦马豆素,能特异性地抑制α-甘露糖苷酶活性造成细胞内异常糖蛋白的形成,异常蛋白的清除主要在溶酶体进行,而溶酶体α-甘露糖苷酶活性被抑制使蛋白质清除受阻,最终出现与α-甘露糖苷贮积症相似的病理变化即广泛的空泡变性。自噬可以将自身受损、变性大分子物质运送到溶酶体进行自我消化,有资料显示,自噬降解受阻会导致自噬体蓄积形成空泡样病变。根据自噬的形成和作用机制,我们推测疯草中毒造成的空泡变性可能与自噬有关。现就从疯草中毒机制、自噬分子机制及疯草中毒与自噬的关系等方面进行综述,以期为苦马豆素毒性及作用机制研究提供理论依据。 Locoweeds are becoming a major threat to livestock production in the western rangelands of China. Swainsonine has been found to be the main toxic ingredient of locoweeds, specifically in- hlbiting the activity of α-mannosidase,which may cause the formation of abnormal glycoprotein in cell. Abnormal protein is mainly cleaned by the lysosome, and the inhibition of lysosomal α-manno- sidase activity can block the process of protein removal,and finally resulting in extensive vacuolar degeneration,similar with the a-mannoside storage disease. Autophagy can bring the self-damaged and denatured macromolecules into the lysosomes for degradation. The data showed that disrup- tion of autophagy degradation may lead to autophagosome accumulation and eventually the forma- tion of vacuole-like lesion. According to the formation and mechanism of autophagy,we hypothe- sized that vacuolar degeneration caused by locoweed poisoning may be related to autophagy. This review summarises the mechanism of locoweed poisoning, molecular mechanism of autophagy,and the relationship between poisoning and autophagy,it will provide some theoretical references for the researches on the toxicity and mechanism of swainsonine.

关 键 词： 疯草 苦马豆素 自噬 溶酶体 空泡变性