作　　者： (黄坚）; (沙聪）; (曹伟）; (陈晗秋）; (杨晓农）;

机构地区： 西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院,四川成都610041

出　　处： 《动物医学进展》 2017年第9期89-95,共7页

摘　　要： 为了减小异氟烷麻醉的不良反应,获得良好的麻醉效果,探讨了盐酸右美托咪定和利多卡因复合静脉输注对异氟烷麻醉效果的影响。将12只临床健康的小型成年犬随机分为单一异氟烷(13mL/L)维持麻醉组(ISO)和右美托咪定(每小时2μg/kg静脉输注)-利多卡因(每小时50μg/kg静脉输注)-异氟烷(7.5mL/L)复合维持麻醉组(LDI)。两组犬均采用相同的麻醉前处理并辅助机械通气,麻醉维持时间1h,并监测和记录各项麻醉相关指标。结果显示,与ISO组相比,复合麻醉组犬只能更快地进入麻醉稳定期(P<0.01),镇静、镇痛和肌松效果更好(P<0.05),恢复苏醒的时间也更短(P<0.01);期间动物心率明显降低(P<0.01),但血压和血气离子浓度变化相对稳定。此外,心脏出现的代偿性扩张(P<0.05)和血液动力学变化并未明显影响心脏的收缩和射血功能,均在临床可接受范围内。结果表明,盐酸右美托咪定和利多卡因复合用药可减少异氟烷的使用浓度,提供稳定的麻醉效果,动物的苏醒质量更佳,可以用于临床麻醉。 To attenuate the side effects of anesthesia maintained by isoflurane alone and improve anesthetic efficacy,the present study investigated the effects of intraveous infusion of lidocaine(LIDO)and dexmedetomidine(DEX)together on isoflurane(ISO)anesthetized dogs.Twelve clinical healthy adult dogs were included and randomly divided into ISO and LIDO-DEX-ISO(LDI)anesthesia groups.All dogs received0.02mg/kg atropine for subcutaneous injection and venous bolus injection of DEX(2μg/kg)and LIDO(2mg/kg)diluted in sterile water(loading dose)as preanesthetic medication.Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane by auxiliary mechanic ventilation in 100% oxygen.Dogs in ISO group were maintained with 1.0minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane(MACiso)followed by a infusion of 9g/L saline,anddogs in LDI group were maintained with 0.5MACiso followed by a CRI of LIDO(100μg/kg)-DEX(2μg/kg)diluted in 9g/L saline for 60 minutes.The results showed that dogs in LDI group had shorter recoveries(P<0.01)and better anesthetic quality(P<0.05)than that in ISO group.Arterial blood pressure was significantly higher in LDI group than in ISO group(P<0.01),and mean heart rate was lower than baseline values(P<0.01).No significant differences in blood gases,electrolytes and acid-base status were detected between two groups.Hematokrit(Hct)and hemoglobin(Hb)of dogs in two groups decreased markedly(P<0.05),but the values in LDI group picked up at the late stage of anesthesia.The echocardiographic index values were depressed after anesthesia,including cardiomegaly,slowed peak velocity of blood flow,decreased short fraction and ejection fraction of left ventricle(P<0.05),especially in the LDI group.Although cardiac output decreased for LDI treatment due to slower heart rate,it was acceptable in clinical anesthesia for dogs with unimpaired heart function.In conclusion,infusion of DEX and LIDO together may provide an alternative technique for general anesthesia in dogs receiving perioperative management.

关 键 词： 右美托咪定 利多卡因 异氟烷 麻醉 犬