作　　者： (张美莲）;

机构地区： 清华大学公共管理学院应急管理研究基地,北京100084

出　　处： 《北京社会科学》 2017年第5期79-89,共11页

摘　　要： 针对"事故发生—经验反思—事故再发生"的困境,西方学者开展了大量研究并提出了影响公共部门危机学习的诸多因素,而国内对此少有讨论。梳理国外研究中认知、信息、组织和政治四个主要方面的影响因素,结合四川、青岛等地的走访调研发现:系统同构学习困境、组织记忆丧失以及成功政治哲学的弊端等障碍,在中国特定情景下均有相似表现;上级支持度低和资金不足造成的资源约束、政府危机学习的形式主义以及制度化的危机学习机制缺失,也是影响中国政府组织危机学习及其效果的重要障碍。 Researchers in western countries present varied hindering factors to crisis learning among public sectors while little research explores the problem in China to date. In order to discuss whether the factors proposed in western context account for the dilemmas in China,this paper summarizes barriers to crisis learning from four perspectives based on literature review. Combining with semi-structured interview,it comes to a conclusion that factors such as isomorphic learning difficulties,organizational memory loss and politics of success have counterparts in China. Moreover,the paper presents three other barriers to crisis learning according to the interview,which are resource constraint due to inadequate leadership support and fund,widespread formalism among government organizations as well as lack of institutionalized crisis learning mechanisms.

关 键 词： 危机学习 障碍 公共部门 地方政府