作　　者： (张海波）; (王之盛）;

机构地区： 宜春学院生命科学与资源环境学院,江西宜春336000

出　　处： 《中国畜牧杂志》 2017年第9期97-101,共5页

摘　　要： 本试验旨在研究精料补充料(精补料)能量水平对肉牛瘤胃发酵特性及瘤胃微生物菌群的影响。选用3头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的宣汉黄牛,采用3×3拉丁方设计,试验牛分别饲喂综合净能为7.49 MJ/kg(低能组)、8.85 MJ/kg(中能组)、10.19 MJ/kg(高能组)的精补料,测定饲喂后0、3、6、9、12 h瘤胃液p H、氨氮(NH3-N)、挥发性脂肪酸、微生物蛋白及微生物相对含量。结果表明:高能组丙酸(3、9、12 h和平均)、微生物蛋白(9、12 h和平均)、原虫(3、6、9、12 h和平均)和牛链球菌(9、12 h和平均)显著高于低能组(P<0.05),乙酸/丙酸(3、12 h和平均)、NH3-N浓度(3、6、9 h和平均)和溶纤维丁酸弧菌(6、9、12 h和平均)显著低于低能组(P<0.05)。综上所述,提高精补料的能量水平,肉牛瘤胃中原虫和牛链球菌增多,溶纤维丁酸弧菌减少,从而引起丙酸升高,降低乙酸/丙酸和NH3-N浓度,使微生物蛋白增加。 The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of energy level of concentrate supplement on rumenfermentation characteristics and microbial population in beef cattle. The three concentrate supplement energy levels werelow dietary density （7.49 MJ/kg）, medium dietary density （8.85 MJ/kg） and high dietary density （10.19 MJ/kg）. Rumenfluid were used to pH, ammonia （NH3-N）, volatile fatty acid （VFA）, microbial protein and microbial relative content after 0,3, 6, 9, and 12 h feeding. Groups were assigned as 3x3 Latin squares design. Results show that the propionic acid （3,9,12 hand average）, microbial protein （9, 12 h and average）, protozoa （9, 3, 6, 12 h and average） and Streptococcus boris （9, 12 hand average） in high energy group were significantly higher than in low energy group （P〈0.05）, while acetate to propionateratio （3, 12 h and average） and NH3-N （3, 6, 9 h and average） and butyrivibrio brisolvens （9, 6, 12 h and average） wassignificantly lower （P〈0.05）. These results indicated that protozoa and Streptococcus boris were growth with concentratesupplement of energy increasing, while inhibit butyrivibrio tbrisolvens growth; which increase the propionic acid, decreaseacetate to propionate ratio and NH3-N, so as to make the microbial protein concentration increasing.

关 键 词： 肉牛 能量水平 瘤胃发酵特性 微生物菌群