作　　者： (张婷）; (王晓旭）; (王卓）; (李仁德）; (孙伟丽）; (鲍坤）; (钟伟）; (李光玉）;

机构地区： 中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林省特种经济动物分子生物学省部共建实验室,长春130112

出　　处： 《动物营养学报》 2017年第9期3146-3152,共7页

摘　　要： 本试验旨在研究饲粮维生素A添加水平对7~12月龄梅花鹿生长性能、血清生化指标及初角茸生长的影响。选取40只7月龄平均体重为(39.64±4.10)kg的健康雄性梅花鹿,随机分成4组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只,分别饲喂在基础饲粮(含5 mg/kgβ-胡萝卜素)中添加0(对照组)、2 500、5 000和10 000IU/kg维生素A的试验饲粮。试验期从7月龄开始至12月龄结束。结果表明:1)饲粮维生素A添加水平对梅花鹿生长性能无显著性影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加2 500、5 000IU/kg维生素A显著提高梅花鹿血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性(P<0.05),饲粮添加2 500、5 000、10 000IU/kg维生素A显著提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05),饲粮维生素A添加水平对血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、丙二醛(MDA)、睾酮(T)及雌二醇(E2)含量无显著性影响(P>0.05)。3)5 000IU/kg维生素A添加组初角茸干茸重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但与其他2组差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此得出,在本试验条件下,适量添加维生素A能够增强7~12月龄梅花鹿免疫和抗氧化功能,提高初角茸干茸重。7~12月龄梅花鹿饲喂以玉米和苜蓿草粉为主的饲粮时,饲粮维生素A适宜添加水平为2 500~5 000IU/kg。 This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplemental level of vitamin a on growth performance, serum biochemical indictors and first antler growth of 7-to 12-month-old sika deer （Cervus nippon）. Forty healthy 7-month-old male sika deer[initial body weight：（39.64±4.10） kg] were randomly assigned to 4 groups, and each group contained 10 replicates with 1 deer per replicate. Deer in different groups were fed a basal diet （containing 5 mg/kg β-carotene） supplemented with 0 （control group）, 2 500, 5 000 and 10 000 IU/kg vitamin A, respectively. The experiment was started from 7 to 12 months of age. The results showed as follows：1） dietary vitamin A supplementation had no significant effects on growth performance of deer （P〉0.05）. 2） Compared with control group, serum immunoglobulin A （IgA） content and total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） activity were significantly increased by dietary supplementation of vitamin A at 2 500 and 5 000 IU/kg （P〈0.05）, and serum glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） activity was significantly increased by dietary supplementation of vitamin A at 2 500, 5 000 and 10 000 IU/kg （P〈0.05）, while serum contents of immunoglobulin G （IgG）, immunoglobulin M （IgM）, malondialdehyde （MDA）, testosterone （T） and estradiol （E2） were not significantly affected （P〉0.05）. 3） Deer received diet supplemented with 5 000 IU/kg vitamin A had significantly higher dry antler weight compared with control group （P〈0.05）, but had no significant difference compared with the other two groups （P〉0.05）. In conclusion, proportional adding of vitamin A can improve immunity and antioxidant capacity, increase dry antler weight of 7-to 12-month-old sika deer under the present experimental conditions. The suitable vitamin A supplemental level is 2 500 to 5 000 IU/kg of diet mainly consist of corn and alfalfa meal.

关 键 词： 梅花鹿 维生素 生长性能 血清生化指标 初角茸