作　　者： (张玉友）; (孙德刚）;

机构地区： 上海外国语大学中东研究所,上海200083 安徽大学西亚北非研究中心

出　　处： 《阿拉伯世界研究》 2017年第5期87-101,共15页

摘　　要： 多党制是摩洛哥政治最重要的特色之一。自独立以来,摩洛哥王室集团与进行政治参与的政党之间的关系总体稳定,且政党在维护摩洛哥民主形象中扮演了重要角色,这与摩洛哥多年来高效的政党治理有很大关系。本文通过对摩洛哥三个历史阶段进行考察,得出了以下结论:摩洛哥政党治理的模式具有"一个核心、两个基本点、四个路径"的鲜明特点:一个核心是维护摩洛哥君主立宪制的政权稳定;两个基本点是实现"权力共享"与"民主形象"构建;四个路径为"分而治之"、军事威逼、政治多元化、笼络与平衡。摩洛哥政党治理做到了分权与集权相结合,政权与王权相结合,君权与民权相结合。这种治理模式既维护了摩洛哥王国的政权稳定和社会发展,又促进了摩洛哥的渐进式改革,还有效地处理了改革、发展和稳定三者之间的关系。 Multi-party system is one of the most important features of Moroccan politics.Since its independence in 1956,the relations between Makhzen,mainly referring to Morocco's ruling elites,and Morocco's political parties,weighing a vital role at maintaining the democratic image of Morocco,has been fundamentally stable,which exerts strong correlations with the good political governance of Morocco King's bloc.Based on in-depth case studies of Morocco's four historical stages,this paper concludes that the mode of Morocco's political party governance consists of four distinctive characteristics:'one core,two basic points,and four approaches',which refers to'safeguarding the regime stability of Moroccan Monarchy Constitution','the establishment of power sharing and democratic image'.The four approaches include'divide and rule',military compellence,opening-up and pluralism,cooptation and balance respectively.Its political party governance mixes three-fold relations:balance of power sharing and concentration;balance of political and royal power;balance of monarchy system and democracy.In this way,the mode of political party governance aims to maintain the regime stability and to achieve social development,promote the gradual reform as well as effectively handle the triangle among reform,development and stability in the Kingdom of Morocco.

关 键 词： 摩洛哥政治 多党制 政党治理 政治治理