作　　者： (丁庆玲）; (王倩）; (张琼华）; (王晓昌）;

机构地区： 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710000

出　　处： 《环境科学学报》 2017年第9期3456-3463,共8页

摘　　要： 通过监测2015年8月—2016年9月7场典型降雨事件,系统分析太湖上游城市宜兴城区3个不同功能区(环科园、新城区和老城区)主干道路径流污染特征.研究表明:宜兴市城区主干道路径流浊度、COD、TN、NH_3-N、TP浓度分别为(77.2±66.9)NTU、(97.2±79.7)、(3.0±1.9)、(0.93±0.59)和(0.35±0.36)mg·L^(-1).COD和TN超出地表水环境Ⅴ类标准,是该地区径流特征污染物.降雨过程中污染物浓度整体呈下降趋势,伴随有不同程度的波动,主要受地表残留污染物及降雨强度的影响.3个区域TN浓度差异不大,且主要以溶解态存在(>60%);环科园、新城区TP浓度差异不大,且主要以颗粒态存在(>70%);然而,受居民生活活动的影响,老城区TP主要以溶解态存在(>60%).此外,受交通及道路坡度影响,新城区道路径流浊度和COD污染最为严重.不同降雨事件径流污染物浓度变化较大,主要受干期长度和降雨强度的影响.干期长度越长、降雨强度越小,污染物累积量及可冲刷量越大.因此,加强控制宜兴市道路初期径流、路面颗粒物、径流颗粒物和TN以及老城区TP,对保护径流主要受纳水体南溪水系及太湖水体具有重要意义. The characteristics of runoff pollution from urban roads were evaluated at three sites in Yixing city, namely industrial, new residential and old residential areas. Seven typical rainfall events were monitored between August 2015 and September 2016. The results show turbidity, COD, TN, NH3-N and TP concentrations of （77.2±66.9） NTU, （97.2±79.7）, （3.0±1.9）, （0.93±0.59） and （0.35±0.36） mg·L-1, respectively. COD and TN exceeded Grade V of the Chinese surface water environment standard （GB 3838-2002） and, thus, were identified as the major pollutants. The concentrations of pollutants were highest during the first flush runoff, which were influenced by the residual pollutants levels on the road surface and rainfall intensity. In all three study areas, the concentrations of TN were dominated by the dissolved phase （ 〉 60%）. However, noticeable differences were observed for TP concentrations, which was dominated by the dissolved phase （〉60%） in the old residential area but was particle-dominated in the industrial and new residential areas （〉70%）. Turbidity and COD were high in the new residential area, ascribing to the heavy traffic and sloping terrain. The inter-event variatinns of pollutant concentrations mainly resulted from antecedent dry periods and rainfall intensity, which were closely associated with the accumulation of washable pollutants. The control of first flush runoff, road and runoff particles, TN as well as TP in the old residential area is imperative to preserve the Nanxi River system and Taihu Lake.

关 键 词： 主干道路 地表径流 污染特征 形态分布 影响因素 太湖流域