作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南师范大学公共管理学院

出　　处： 《系统科学学报》 2013年第2期12-16,46共6页

摘　　要： 整体论与还原论的问题既是科学和哲学中的一个长期争论不休的古老论题,也是当代复杂性科学和哲学试图回答的一个核心课题。复杂性科学哲学对整体论的发展主要体现在：对复杂系统突现机理的揭示;对突现性与依随性的反思;对系统整体所具有的下向因果关系的探讨。这些新观点和新理论使突现性与整体性、因果性与层次性、信息与控制、自组织与进化等系统整体论的核心概念更加清晰,特别是,借助于系统宏观层次具有的＂下向因果关系＂（Downward Causation）的探讨,整体性质与部分性质之间律则的依随关系,系统整体的不可还原性等问题得到了深入和细致的说明,使复杂系统突现论正在成为当代整体论的一个新范式。 The issue of holism and reductionism is not only an old and controversial issue in the his-tory of science and philosophy,but also a core issue in temporary science and philosophy of complexity. The development of holism is ： the revelation of emergence mechanisms of complex system ; the reflection of emergence and supervenience ; the discussion of downward causation of the system as a whole. These new views and theories make the concepts such as emergence and Holistie, causality and level, information and control, self - organization and evolution etc. more clear, all of which are the core concepts of system ho- lism. Especially, by the discussion of downward causation in macro level, the issue of supervenience rela-tionship between the properties of the whole and properties of its parts （ in other words, the emergent prop-erty depending on and being decided by its part） , as well as the issue of irreducibility, make emergentism being as an new paradigm of temporary holism.

关 键 词： 整体论 突现机理 依随性 下向因果关系

分 类 号： [N94-02]

领　　域： []