作　　者： ;

机构地区： 暨南大学

出　　处： 《经济与管理研究》 2012年第12期15-24,共10页

摘　　要： 本文构建了一个劳动收入份额相对于资本收入份额变化的新古典经济学理论分析框架,并使用中国1990～2010年的数据进行了实证计量分析。分析结果表明,中国劳动与资本之间的要素替代弹性显著大于0,且显著小于1,并且生产过程中的技术进步是偏向于劳动增强型的,表现为劳动效率持续快速提高,而资本效率则持续下滑,正是偏向劳动增强型技术进步的速率高于资本深化的速率直接导致了劳动收入份额相对于资本收入份额的持续下降。进一步的深入分析则表明,导致资本效率下滑引起劳动收入份额也持续下降的深层次原因则主要是中国企业没能随着市场环境的变化而拓展升级其生产价值链,以致没能实现生产经营方式的转型升级。而政府经济政策偏差形成的银行业高利差导致的扭曲性收入转移、城市房地产价格的持续飙升导致的实体经济企业房地租成本上升,以及政府税收的持续快速增长对实体经济企业收益的挤压,则更进一步加剧了这一趋势。 This article builds a neoclassical economic theoretical framework for analyzing change of labor share relative to capital share of income, and estimates its econometric equation system for China over period 1990 -2009. The results show that the elasticity of substitution is significantly greater than 0 and less than 1, and the technical progress is biased in favor of labor augmenting which is displayed in a rapid increase of labor efficiency and a continual decline of capital efficiency. It is the higher rate of biased technical progress than the rate of capital deepening that made the labor share of income to continually decline. Further analysis shows that the main reason which caused the decline in capital efficiency and led to the decline of labor share of income is that the enterprises could not expand to upgrade its production value chain as the market environment changes. And the distorting income transfer caused by high deviation of interest rate of bank, and the continuously rising rent costs caused by high urban real estate prices, as well as the rapid growth in taxation squeezed corporate earnings and exacerbated this trend .

关 键 词： 生产函数 要素替代弹性 偏向性技术进步 资本效率 劳动收入份额

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