导　　师： 王宛山

学科专业： 080201

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 东北大学

摘　　要： 虚拟现实技术是一个综合了计算机图形学、多媒体技术、计算机仿真技术、图象处理、模式识别、传感探测技术等综合学科的技术。当今世界,随着科技的发展、计算机性能的提高,虚拟现实技术已经开始应用于各种军民领域中。 跟踪技术是虚拟现实技术中的重要组成部分之一。在不同的虚拟现实技术的应用领域中,首先都要让计算机确切知道操作者在虚拟环境中所在的位置,这就用到了跟踪技术。目前,跟踪技术主要有电磁式、机械式、光电式、超声式、惯性式和地磁式等六种,它们各有优缺点,在此研究其中的一种跟踪技术——电磁式跟踪技术。 六自由度电磁跟踪系统是虚拟现实系统中实现浸没感和人机交互的重要设备之一探讨如何研制一套性能优良且成本较低的六自由度电磁跟踪系统具有十分重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。 课题对跟踪技术中一种——电磁跟踪技术进行了重点的比较全面的分析与研究,它的研制涉及到许多领域的知识,主要包括电磁学、电工学、计算机图形学和单片机等相关的基础知识。 设计出电磁式跟踪系统的结构框架后,依据电磁学理论和相关数学方面的知识推导出六自由度电磁跟踪系统的跟踪算法。之后以单片机为依托平台,产生PWM方波信号,来实现电磁信号的产生、再用多路分配电路把产生的电磁信号分成3路,经过信号放大电路把信号放大后,驱动三轴电磁发射线圈向空间发射电磁波。用电磁线圈作为电磁接收器接收空间的电磁场,在功率放大器将信号放大后,进行模数转换,再用跟踪算法将数字信号处理后用液晶显示器显示跟踪结果。其中用C语言编写PWM、AD、LCD和跟踪算法的单片机程序,并在实验室硬件技术条件的支持下,用Protel DXP软件设计电磁跟踪系统的电路图。在用实验板实验验证后,设计并制� Virtual reality technology is a combination of computer graphics, multimedia technology, computer simulation technology, image processing, pattern recognition, sensor detection technology and integrated technical disciplines. With the development of technology, computer performance enhancement, virtual reality technology has been applied in various military and civilian fields. Tracking technology is very important in virtual reality technology. In the different areas of application in virtual reality technology, the first let the computer know exactly is the operator's locationin in the virtual environment, which uses tracking technology. Today, there are six mainly tracking technologys, such as electromagnetic, mechanical, optical, ultrasonic type, inertial and magnetic. They each have their own advantages and disadvantages. In this paper we will study Electromagnetic tracking technologies. 6-DOF electromagnetic tracking system is one of the important equipment in virtual reality system. How to develop a set of excellent performance and lower cost of 6-DOF electromagnetic tracking system has great theoretical and practical significances. In this paper, electromagnetic tracking technology was focused more comprehensive analysis and research, which involves some knowledge in many areas, including electromagnetism, electrician, computer graphics and related SCM /(Single Chip Micyoco/) basic knowledge. After design the structure of the electromagnetic tracking system, based on the electromagnetic theory and related mathematics knowledge derived 6-DOF tracking system electromagnetic tracking algorithm. With a microcontroller-based platform, a square wave PWM signal to achieve the electromagnetic signals generated by Multi-channel distribution circuit to the electromagnetic signals into 3 roads, use the signal amplification drive and Electromagnetic coil Launch electromagnetic wave. Electromagnetic receiver will receive the electromagnetic space and use signal amplification enlarge the signal.Then doi

关 键 词： 电磁跟踪 虚拟现实 人机交互 六自由度

领　　域： [自动化与计算机技术] [自动化与计算机技术]