导　　师： 许伦辉

学科专业： 082302

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学

摘　　要： 快速公交系统作为一种低成本、实施周期短的大运量公交模式,已经在国内外许多城市得到了广泛的应用,其在解决城市交通拥堵问题发挥了重要作用。 本文首先对快速公交在国内外的发展进行介绍,主要分析了巴西库里蒂巴、加拿大渥太华等国外城市以及北京快速公交发展的现状,并对国内外对快速公交的研究现状进行分析和总结。 其次,对快速公交系统基本概念进行介绍,并分析了快速公交系统的优缺点,并着重从公交客流、道路等级、交通流量、车道宽度、效益等五个方面对快速公交系统的设置条件进行了分析。 然后从交叉口和停靠站通行能力两个方面对计算公交专用道的通行能力进行介绍,并对专用道通行能力限制的瓶颈的公交站点进行了重点分析。公交站点的通行能力一般受车辆在站停留时间、车站的几何设计、停留时间的变化、运营组织、公交车辆自身条件等多方面限制。目前很多国家和地区大多都是基于美国的TCRP公式或者巴西公式来对快速公交站点通行能力进行计算,本文在TCRP的基础上对模型进行了改进,重点考虑了站点和交叉口之间的距离、公交车辆在站停车时间对通行能力的影响,并通过广州市快速公交系统中体育中心和岗顶两个站点对模型进行了验证。 接下来,提出快速公交专用道上线路优化布设研究的基本方法,根据快速公交系统大运量、快速、稳定的特点,以快速公交系统效率最大化作为关键指标,通过定义快速公交线路优先级的概念,利用TransModeler交通仿真软件进行运行分析,提出单位时间内运送乘客最大的快速公交线路优化布设办法。 最后,通过介绍广州市快速公交系统的运营实践,对快速公交专用道线路优化布设方法进行实例分析。 As a low-cost, short implementation cycle mass transit mode, Bus Rapid Transit system has been widely applied in many cities at home and abroad, and it plays an important role in solving urban traffic congestion. Firstly, the development of bus rapid transit at home and abroad is introduced, with the analysis of Curitiba, Brazil; Canada, Ottawa and other foreign cities, and also the status of the development of Beijing Bus Rapid Transit. Bus rapid transit study at home and abroad is also analyzed and summarized. Secondly, introduce the basic concepts of bus rapid transit system and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of Bus Rapid Transit system.Passenger number, road grade, traffic volume, lane width, and efficiency of bus rapid transit system conditions were studied. Then introduce the bus rapid transit lane capatity with the aspects of intersection and bus stops, the capacity of bus stop is analyzed in detail. The capacity of bus stop is restricted by vehicles stop time at the station,the geometric design of the station, the change of residence time and the operating organizations. At present, many countries and regions do the capacity calculation based on the United States TCRP formula or formula of Rapid Transit in Brazil. In this paper, the TCRP model was improved, taking into account the impact of the distance between the intersections and vehicle delay at the stop on traffic capacity calculation. Next, propose the method of dedicated bus rapid transit lines layout optimization. According to the characteristic of large capacity, fast and stable, the saturation of bus stop and average travel speed as key indicator goal, by defining the concept of priority of bus rapid lines, analyze with the TransModeler traffic simulation software, propose a method of bus papid transit lines adjusting and optimization under given levels of services. At last, with the introduction of Guangzhou Bus Rapid Transit system operating practice, the optimization of bus rapid transit line layout method is put into practice.

关 键 词： 快速公交系统 公交专用道 通行能力 线路优化 仿真

分 类 号： [U491.17]

领　　域： [交通运输工程] [交通运输工程]