导　　师： 肖水源

学科专业： 120402

授予学位： 博士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中南大学

摘　　要： 研究背景 在过去的30年,同性恋现象得到了社会越来越广泛的关注,自上个世纪80年代发现艾滋病病毒/(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV/)并明确了男同性恋人群是艾滋病高危行为人群之后,对男同性恋的研究受到了前所未有的重视,同性恋及其对社会、对同性恋者自身的影响成为了社会科学、公共卫生的一个热点研究领域,涉及的研究主要包括：同性恋的成因,同性恋者的生活方式和生存状况,亲密关系暴力行为,同性恋者的心身健康,同性性行为与艾滋病、性病传播的关系、社会对同性恋的态度等方面。 但是,已有的相关研究存在两个主要的方法学问题：①样本的代表性问题。男同性恋人群是“难以接近的人群”/(hard-to-reach population/),目前抽取男同性恋研究样本的策略主要有两类：研究人员利用与调查对象的个人联系收集样本,经常被称之为“友谊网络”/(friendship networks/)或“滚雪球”/(snowballing/);通过GLB /(gay men, lesbians and bisexuality/)社区的社会活动、组织机构、商业活动、或是新闻事件等进行公开招募。用这两类方法获得是非概率样本,其代表性不理想。目前,也有一些涉及难以接近人群的相关研究开始采用一种新的抽样方法——同伴推动抽样法/(Respondent-driven Sampling, RDS/),这种方法是滚雪球抽样法的升级,近似概率抽样方法,但这种新方法也仍有许多局限,有待于进一步应用和完善。②多数涉及同性恋研究基本上没有一个对照组,单组样本的描述和分析在许多方面并不能很深刻地阐述问题。 在当前中国社会文化背景下,我国同性恋人群的生存现状主要存在以下几个方面的问题：①同性恋者的性关系松散,性对象多变,容易感染各种性传播疾病/(包括艾滋病/)；②同性恋者自身大多具有道德罪恶感,其心理压力大,承受能力不佳,一旦遇到一些情感问题,� Background The homosexual phenomenon has been being gained much more attentions over the past 30 years. In the 1980s, human immunodeficiency virus /(HIV/) was found, and gay men was identified as high-risk group of AIDS. Since then, more efforts were spent in the field of gay men. Research on the influence of homosexual behaviors to themselves and our society has become hot issues in social science and public health. The relevant research subjects are as follows:the cause of homosexuality, lifestyles and living conditions of homosexuals, intimate relationship and violence, their psychosomatic health, homosexual behavsiors and AIDS//STDs, attitude towards homosexual, and so on. However, there are two major methodology problems in those research:①the representation of samples. Gay man was a hard-to-reach population. At present, there are two basic sampling strategies:one is using personal contacts of the researchers or other participants, which is usually described as 'friendship networks' or 'snowballing' procedures; The other is to recruite samples through organizations, newsletters, businesses, or social events of lesbian, gay, or bisexual communities. The samples selected through these two strategies are lack of diversity and representativeness. Currently, there is a new sampling method, Respondent-driven Sampling /(RDS/), in some relevant researches among hard-to-reach population. The RDS is the improvement of 'snowballing', and similar to the probability sampling. However, it still has many limitations, and needs to be further applied and improved.②Most of studies on homosexual had no control group. Usually, the descriptions and analyses of a single group sample could not explain the phenomenon very deeply. Under the current circumstance of Chinese social culture, the characteristics and problems of the homosexual group's living conditions are:①Homosexual relationship is unstable, and their sex partners is changeful. There is no doubt that they are more vulnerable to be infected by variou

关 键 词： 男同性恋 生存状况 生活质量 社会态度 影响因素 信度与效度

领　　域： [经济管理] [社会学]