导　　师： 郑方辉

学科专业： 1204

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学

摘　　要： 口岸是国家对外开放的门户,是可以合法、直接进出国境、关境的地方。口岸管理体制是否顺畅、通关活动是否高效,对于改善投资环境、吸引外资、促进贸易便利化都将产生深远的影响。随着我国加入WTO以及全球经济一体化和贸易自由化进程的发展,我国的口岸管理体制面临着前所未有的困难和挑战。深化口岸管理体制改革势在必行。 本文运用公共治理理论和行政组织理论,综合运用理论分析与实证分析相结合、文献研究法、定性分析法和个案研究法等多种研究方法,总结分析了我国口岸管理体制的演变过程,研究分析了我国口岸管理体制面临的主要问题及其成因,结合对开平口岸管理的实证分析以及借鉴国外口岸管理先进经验,提出深化我国口岸管理体制改革的目标、原则和对策。我国现行的口岸管理体制存在的主要问题是:一是口岸治理结构不尽科学合理,口岸部门众多,各自为政,政出多门;二是口岸通关环节多,手续繁、效率低,通关成本高;三是口岸治理工具发展落后,明显表现在口岸治理工具单一,口岸法制化建设滞后,电子口岸建设水平不高;四是口岸治理能力欠缺,公务员队伍素质亟待提高,行政运行机制不科学,口岸非政府组织发展缓慢。学习借鉴国外口岸管理先进经验,结合我国国情,确立我国口岸管理体制改革的目标为:建立既监管有效又方便进出、既符合国际惯例又适合我国国情的口岸管理体制,具体表现为口岸管理更加规范,法制建设取得明显进展,通关流程更加优化,通关效率明显提高,通关成本明显降低。改革对策如下:一是口岸治理结构改革,整合口岸查验部门,理顺口岸综合管理体制;二是推进通关模式改革,实施大通关制度;三是口岸治理工具改革,转变口岸管理理念,提高依法行政水平,加快电子口岸建设;四是口岸治理能力的提升,提高公务员队伍素质,推进行政运行机制改革,培育口岸行业非政府组织。 A port is an open door for a country to the outside world, a place to get legal entry to and exit from a country. It sheds significant influence on investment environment, foreign capital inflow and foreign trade promotion whether port management and customs clearance are smooth and efficient. With China joining in WTO, rapid development of economic globalization and free trade in the world, we face unprecedented difficulty and challenge in our port management system. It is urgently imperative that we need to strengthen our port management system reform. This paper employs public administration and organization theory, combines theoretical analysis and case study analysis. This paper also studies China port management system history, investigates the problems and formations. This paper takes a case study on the current Kaiping port management system, compared with good international port management experience, presents our objective, principle and strategy on China port management system reform. The major problems in China’s port management system are: 1/) the management structure is not very rational, for there are many bureaus that supervise port management, and various authorities; 2/) customs clearance needs going through many steps, many red papers, low efficiency and high cost; 3/) management tools and equipment are outdated, monotone, and electronic system for port management is not very good, as well as legal regulation development is slow; 4/) port management strength is not strong, personnel quality needs to be promoted, administration mechanism is not rational, non-government organization for port management is slow to be established. Studied China port management reality, compared with good international port management experience, this paper presents China port management system reform objective is that establishing a port management system that is easy to be managed efficiently and convenient for customs clearance, that is in line with international standard and China reality. It should demonstrate management regularity, legal system promotion, optimized and efficient customs clearance and low cost. Our strategies are: A/), Reform on port management structure, regroup port administration smoothen port management structure; B/), Promote broad customs clearance establishment; C/), Bring modern equipment into port management, speed electronic port management; D/), Promote management efficiency and personnel capability, speed administration reform, and set up non-government port management organization.

关 键 词： 开平 口岸 管理体制 改革

分 类 号： [F552 U691]

领　　域： [经济管理] [交通运输工程] [交通运输工程]