导　　师： 郑方辉

学科专业： 1204

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学

摘　　要： 我国是世界上最大的玩具制造国和出口国,产品行销120多个国家和地区。据不完全统计,世界玩具约75/%的产量均来自中国,广东玩具出口占全国出口玩具份额的70/%。与国际先进同行相比,我国的玩具制造业在质量安全方面还存在较大差距,改善出口玩具质量安全监管政策绩效意义重大。 监管政策绩效改善的前提在对政策进行科学与规范的评价。本文基于政府监督管理出口商品质量安全的视角,以广东出口玩具质量安全监管政策为研究对象,利用公共政策分析及评价的理论与方法,在系统审视我国出口玩具质量安全监管政策的演变及特征的基础上,从政策需求与政策逻辑两个方面,对监管政策绩效做出初步评价。论文运用抽样调查方法,重点了解出口玩具行业中的相关企业的质量现状、质量标准、质量管理与控制方法,围绕相关企业政策需求及祈求,识别问题,探究原因,收集意见,作为调整及完善相关政策的参考依据。 研究表明,广东出口玩具整体质量大致是“中等水平”,宏观质量处于初级阶段,微观质量大多于满足于标准阶段。具体表现为:存在出口商品质量“事故”及召回事件,大型企业出口业务相对稳定;产品品类和款式增加;质量控制体系基本完善;质量问题一定程度上表现为“企业规模问题”。虽然出口玩具质量安全问题的成因复杂,涉及产业结构、出口秩序、管理体制、技术标准、市场环境等一系列因素,但从政策监管的角度,现有政策管制有余,服务性与针对性不足,如在现有体制下,出口企业并非真正的商品质量“第一责任人”,垄断、地方保护主义、低价竞争、监管体制不完善导致企业追求质量进步的动力递减。 为此,本文提出了政策改善的建议,包括:支持本土企业发展,加快贸易转型;强化公共服务职能,提升服务针对性;针对监管存在制度不健全,手段单一,措施落实不到位,监管与检验分离等问题,理顺体制;构建广东出口商品质量评价指数体系,等等。 China is the biggest country of toys making and exporting while whose products are distributed among more than 120 countries and areas. According to incomplete statistics, about 75/% toys of the world are from China, and Guangdong’s toy export amount is up to 70/% of that of the whole country. Compared with those advanced countries, our toy manufacturing industry lags fairly far behind. Obviously, it is of great significance to improve quality safety supervisory policy of toy export. The precondition to improve the performance of supervisory policy is the scientific and normative evaluation of the policy. This article is based on the perspective of government supervising the export quality safety, select the supervisory policy for quality safety of Guangdong’s toy export as research object, use the theory and method of public policy analysis and evaluation, after the systematic survey of the development and feature of our supervisory policy for quality safety of toy export, then make a preliminary evaluation of the performance of supervisory policy from policy demand and policy logic. This article uses the method of sampling survey, to find out the current quality situation,quality standard, quality management and quality control method of the manufacturer of toy export industry. Centering on policy requirement of the relative corporation, the article recognizes the problem, explores the reason, and collects the opinion which can be reference of the regulation and improvement of correlative policy. Research has showed the overall level of Guangdong’s toy is about“moderate level”, while macro-quality is in the initial stage and micro-quality is satisfied with the standard-meeting stage. It is shown as the existence of export quality“accident”and recall event, the relative stability of large-scale enterprise’s export business, increasing of variety and style of products, the elementary perfection of quality control system, and quality problem to some degree behaves as“manufactory scale problem”. Although the reason of export toy quality safety problem is complex, involving industrial structure, export order, management system, technique standard, market climate and suchlike, but from the perspective of government supervision, current policy exceeds in control but is less in service and pertinence. Under current system, manufactory is not necessarily“the chief responsible person”of product quality, since monopolization, regional protectionism, low- price competition and incomplete supervision system reduce manufactory’s force to pursue quality progress. Therefore this article offers proposals including supporting development of local company, accelerating trade transition, strengthening public service, improving service pertinence, aiming to correct the imperfect structure, undiversified method, weak execution of measurement and separation of supervision and inspection, then straighten our supervisory system and structure a quality evaluation system of Guangdong export and suchlike.

关 键 词： 监管政策 质量安全 评价 广东出口玩具

分 类 号： [F752.62]

领　　域： [经济管理] [经济管理]