导　　师： 吴群

学科专业： 080904

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 哈尔滨工业大学

摘　　要： 随着现代通信、军事不断发展的需要,能够与载体共形的天线系统即共形天线的研究近年来日益得到重视,因为它不仅可以提供原来所需要的天线性能,而且不影响载体本身的机动特性。由于共形微带天线具有不额外占用空间和对飞行姿态影响小等优点,其在航空、制导等领域具有很大的吸引力,因此对共形微带天线阵的研究具有重要的工程价值和国防意义。但是共形天线的设计与分析还存在诸多困难:载体/(尤其是金属载体/)的曲率会影响天线的性能,大部分的计算方法处理共形电大尺寸时显得繁琐且耗时长,尤其在毫米波频段,为保证精度,这个问题就更显得突出。因此设计毫米波段共形相控阵天线的阵元及馈电网络是极具挑战性的课题。 本论文主要包括共形相控天线阵的研究进展和原理、毫米波圆柱共形相控阵的设计、双频圆锥共形天线阵的设计、低副瓣圆柱共形天线阵的设计以及圆极化圆柱共形天线阵的设计等六部分内容。本文以共形相控阵技术的发展应用为背景,介绍了毫米波共形相控阵的特点以及国内外的研究现状及发展趋势。分析了共形相控阵的基本原理,通过“实虚空间”的概念,分析了扫描中的阵列波瓣,总结出相控阵天线的方向性系数。通过分析馈电网络的设计原则和分类,总结了对馈电网络优化的方法和技巧,从而使天线阵的各项性能更加优化。分析了双频天线的设计困难和低副瓣天线阵的设计方法,介绍了不同类型的圆极化天线及设计原理。 本文根据各种微带天线的设计理论,采用不同的阵元和馈电网络组合,分别设计了圆柱共形相控阵、圆锥共形双频天线阵、圆柱共形低副瓣天线阵和圆柱共形圆极化天线阵等几种具有不同性能的毫米波共形微带天线阵。利用CST电磁仿真软件分别对各种平面阵列及共形阵列进行了设� As the vital development of the millimeter wave guidance technology, conformal microstrip antennas occupy no extra space, have a great attraction in the area of aviation and spacecraft as a vital development of the millimeter wave radar technology. The study of conformal array microstrip antenna therefore has one of the most important engineering values. Besides that, a conformal array antenna has an advantage of fitting to the shape of vehicles such as airplane and the capability of wide-range beam scanning, so that it can be applied to a mobile communication system, a radar system and other special applications. However, the design of conformal antenna array at millimeter frequency is still a challenge subject, since the intervals between two patch elements is very small, even a subtle deviation of the size would bring large influence on the radiation features of the antenna arrays. As a result, the layout of the array and every element parameter must be taken into fully consideration in the design process. Based on the technology of phased array antenna application and development, this paper described the characteristic of the millimeter microstrip conformal phased array, the art-of-state and development trends both domestic and abroad. This paper consists of 5 parts: the theory and analysis of the conformal phased array, design and analysis of the millimeter microstrip cylindrical conformal phased array, design of the conical conformal and dual-band microstrip antenna array, design of the cylindrical conformal low sidelobe microstrip antenna array and design of the cylindrical conformal and circularly polarized microstrip antenna array. The simulations for this study are performed on the CST MICROWAVE STUDIO and simulation results are given to verify this design. The design and analysis in this paper constructs solid foundation for the following work, and supplies important reference materials for the design of similar conformal phased array antenna in the future. So, the subject in this paper ha

关 键 词： 毫米波 微带天线 阵元 馈电网络 双频 低副瓣 圆极化

领　　域： [电子电信]