导　　师： 袁传有

学科专业： 050211

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广东外语外贸大学

摘　　要： 判决书是一个审判的结束,它有法律强制性。在英国,判决书不仅有强制性,还有证明和宣告的功能。到目前为止,对判决书的研究大部分是从判决书本身或法律角度出发的,很少是从语言学角度出发的。 该论文从评价理论角度对民事判决书进行研究。论文的目的是要通过对中国及英国民事判决书的对比来描述判断资源的分布及分析判断资源的作用进而探讨法官是如何使用判断资源来陈述事实和进行推理的,最后还要找出中英两国民事判决书中判断资源使用的区别以及出现这些区别的内在原因。 理论依据有两个方面:一方面是判断,判断是评价理论三个系统中态度系统下的一部分,另一方面是民事判决书的语类结构潜势。在这两方面的理论依据指导下,我对中英民事判决书中判断资源的使用进行了对比研究发现了一些区别。有些判断资源在中英两国的事实和推理中都经常使用,有些判断资源在中国或英国的事实和推理中用到,但不频繁,还有些判断资源基本不用到。中文民事判决书在陈述事实时更多用到判断资源而英文民事判决书在进行推理时更多用到判断资源。判断资源在更著名更有社会影响力的案件的判决书中被更多的使用。这些区别可以从以下两方面进行解释:权利和团结和法律文化。 该论文旨在从语言学角度为民事判决书的研究提供一些思考,扩大评价理论的使用范围以及给法律界学者一些启发。 Judgment, which is coercive, is the end of a trial. While in England, it not only has coerciveness, but also has justifying and declarative functions, which attach the importance and necessity of study on judgments. But until now, most of the studies on judgments are from the perspectives of judgments per se and law education, few from the perspective of linguistics. This thesis is a study of civil judgments based on Appraisal theory. The objective of the thesis is to describe the distribution of Judgement /(an appraisal resource/) and analyze the role of Judgement by comparing the Chinese civil judgments with their English counterparts, and then to find out how judges use the Judgement to state facts and make reasoning, and finally, to seek out the differences between China's judgments and English judgments in terms of using the Judgement resources and the reasons why they are different. The theoretical foundations of this thesis consist of 2 aspects: one is Judgement, which is a sub-system of Attitude, the other is GSP /(generic structure potential/) of civil judgments. On the basis of the two theoretical foundations, comparative study on the applications of Judgement resources in the civil judgments in China and in England will be made. Some differences of applications in the two countries can be found. Some of the Judgement resources are frequently used in the facts and legal reasoning in civil judgments both in China and England, some of the Judgement resources are used, but not frequently, in the facts or legal reasoning in civil judgments in China or England, some of the Judgement resources are seldom used. Judgement resources are much more used in the facts of China's civil judgments than in that of English while Judgement resources are more used in the legal reasoning of English civil judgments than in that of China's. Judgement resources are much more utilized in the case which is more famous and more influential than in the case which will not have deep social influence. There are 2 aspects of reasons: Power and Solidarity and Legal culture. It is hoped that this thesis will shed some light on the study of judgments from the perspective of linguistics, enrich the scope of application of Appraisal theory and enlighten the scholars in the legal field.

关 键 词： 评价资源 判断 判决书

分 类 号： [D915.2]

领　　域： [政治法律] [政治法律]