导　　师： 马士华

学科专业： 1201

授予学位： 博士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华中科技大学

摘　　要： 基于多品种、小批量、按订单生产的BTO供应链/(build-to-order supply chain/)作为对供应链能力进行优化配置的一种新型模式，逐渐成为当今供应链运作的典型特征。然而，在BTO供应链系统中，经常面临的问题是：需求不平衡、产品品种繁多、批量组合复杂、客户频繁改单、交货期紧急、系统产能随机波动大、瓶颈环节随订单和人员工作效率波动而转移，运行过程较难精确控制。在这样的背景下，基于瓶颈的BTO供应链响应时间优化与控制的研究，是充实供应链管理理论创新的重要工作，在应用实践上也具有重要的现实意义。 提出了BTO供应链的时间瓶颈识别方法。界定了供应链中时间瓶颈的概念，提出了利用流程有效性绩效指标进行识别整个供应链系统中时间瓶颈的方法；并利用该瓶颈识别工具，确定了BTO供应链中时间瓶颈的位置。指出随着客户需求变化和因变化引起供应链中各个节点工作负荷的变化，瓶颈位置是动态漂移的，有必要对瓶颈进行不断的监控以确定新的瓶颈出现。 建立了基于瓶颈的BTO供应链响应时间控制模式。针对这类供应链的瓶颈特点，充分结合了约束理论中的“鼓-缓冲-绳子”和输入输出控制思想中的漏斗模型这两种方法的优点，分别从总体框架、瓶颈控制、订单跟踪三个角度建立了全过程的BTO响应时间控制模式。定量分析说明了该模式在有效控制整个BTO供应链中的排队时间、总响应时间和在制品库存水平等方面具有一定优势。 从生产控制的角度，建立了基于能力约束的BTO供应链中供应商交货期承诺模型。在以供应商现有生产能力为基础的前提下，对一个由制造商和其上游供应商组成的BTO供应链生产运作系统进行建模，假设该供应链运作系统中各环节均对时间敏感，分析了供应商的服务水平、订单到� With the globalization of market, increasing competition has led companies to face a more dynamic and uncertain environment with the main characteristic of offering a higher and higher level of customization. The need for companies to customize their production increases the importance of the build-to-order supply chain /(BTO supply chain/). But management methodologies developed for a repetitive production /(see for example the use of Kanban/) cannot be easily transferred to realities of this kind because of the various sources of uncertainty that distinguish such a BTO manufacturing environment from the make-to-stock /(MTS/) configuration. The main elements that make it difficult to control BTO realities precisely are: imbalanced demand, variety products, complex batch group composition, emergent delivery, system capacity with random fluctuation, bottleneck shifting. Moreover, suppliers of low production efficiency /(supply bottleneck/) are always prominent in this type of supply chain, which directly affect the overall chain's responsiveness to meet the end customers' satisfaction. A method of time bottleneck identification in BTO supply chain is established. First, the concept of time bottleneck in the BTO supply chain is proposed. Then because of deficiency of the existing ways to eliminate bottlenecks, a new theoretic approach to bottleneck identification in BTO supply chain is introduced. At last, by using this approach, suppliers of low production efficiency /(supply bottleneck/), which directly affect the overall chain's responsiveness to meet the end customers' satisfaction, is defined, and its implications for production control are discussed. In order to eliminate the above time bottleneck in BTO supply chain, a bottleneck-driven control model of shortening the entire response time in BTO supply chain is developed. The new model is taken advantages of the theory of constraints and input//output control. The way of production control and operation management of is described from the perspecti

关 键 词： 供应链 时间瓶颈 瓶颈识别 交货期承诺 约束理论

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