导　　师： 刘爽

学科专业： 0803

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 电子科技大学

摘　　要： 光谱仪器是利用光的辐射、色散和吸收等原理,对物质的成分和含量进行定性和定量分析的光学仪器。微型光谱仪器具有许多大型光谱仪器所不具备的优点,如重量轻、体积小、使用方便等,有着巨大的应用市场,因此对于微型光谱仪器的研究成为近年来光谱仪器研究的一个热点。 本论文根据便携性、低成本和精度适中的总体要求,在研究光谱仪器相关理论的基础上,构建了基于ARM和Linux的嵌入式光谱采集系统。系统由前端光学模块、数据采集模块和人机交互模块三部分构成。前端光学模块采用一凹面光栅对待测光进行分光处理,再用线阵CCD对光信号进行探测;数据采集模块完成对光信号的转换和采集;人机交互模块以S3C2410处理器为核心,通过触摸屏和图形用户界面应用程序实现系统的人机交互功能。经过测试,本系统能够实现光谱采集等相关功能。整个系统体积小、成本较低并且能够摆脱传统PC而使用,是进一步开发嵌入式微型光谱仪器的重要基础。本文所完成的主要工作如下: 1.根据总体要求,分析了系统所要实现的功能及相关原理,选择ARM微处理器和嵌入式Linux操作系统分别作为系统的硬件和软件平台完成了系统实现方案的总体规划。 2.分析系统光学部分的相关理论,根据系统实际需要选择了合适的光学部分实现方案。 3.根据系统实现方案的总体规划,完成了系统相关硬件电路的具体设计,主要包括系统数据采集模块和人机交互模块的硬件电路设计。. 4.在系统硬件电路实现的基础上,完成了系统相关软件部分的设计和调试,包括数据采集模块相关固件程序的设计,人机交互模块软件平台的搭建、相关硬件驱动程序的设计以及图形用户界面应用程序的开发。 5.系统开发过程中,对系统的关键部件进行了相关功能测试以证实各部件实现的正确性;系统整体完成后,对系统的整体功能进行了测试,证明系统基本实现了相关功能。 Spectrometer is a kind of optical instrument that analyzes the composition and content of materials qualitatively and quantitatively according to the principle of light radiation, dispersion and absorption. Micro-spectrometer has enormous application market as it has many advantages that the large-scale spectrometer doesn’t have, such as light weight, small size, ease of use, etc. So the research of micro-spectrometer becomes very hot in the area of spectrometer recent years. In this paper, spectral theory is studied and a spectral acquisition system is build based on ARM and embedded Linux OS in accordance with the general requirements of portability, low-cost, and moderate accuracy. The system consists of three parts: front-end optical module, data acquisition module and human-computer interaction module. In the front-end optical module, a concave grating is used for light splitting and then a linear CCD is used for optical signal detection. The data acquisition module deals with the conversion and acquisition of optical signal. Based on the S3C2410 processor, the human-computer interaction module achieves the fuction of human-computer interaction through the touch screen and graphical user interface application. According to the test, the system in this paper realizes the function of spectral acquisition. As this system is smaller, cheaper and can be used without the presence of a traditional PC, it is an important basis for the further development of micro-spectrometer instrument.The following research works are focused on in this paper: 1. Based on the general requirement, the system function and related principles are analyzed, ARM microprocessor and embedded Linux OS are selected as the hardware and software platforms of the system respectively and the overall planning of the system is completed. 2. The related optical principles of the system are studied, and proper realization of the optical part is chosen based on need. 3. According to the overall plan of the system, the related circuits, including the data acquisition module and the human-computer interaction module are designed detailedly. 4. Based on the completion of the hardware, the software of the system, including the firmware of the data acquisition module, related device drivers and graphical user interface applications of the human-computer interaction module, is developed. 5. Some of the key components of the system are tested during the development process to confirm the correctness of them. The system is tested as a whole after the completion to prove that the basic functions are realized.

关 键 词： 微处理器 嵌入式 光谱采集系统

分 类 号： [TP274.2]

领　　域： [自动化与计算机技术] [自动化与计算机技术]