导　　师： 焦玉勇

学科专业： 081401

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中国科学院研究生院

摘　　要： 随着城市建设的发展和地下空间的开发,各类地下建筑物大量兴建。而由于缺少足够的基础资料,目前对于这些地下建筑物还没有一种较为成熟的抗震设计方法。这使得地下结构抗震研究的重要性和紧迫性日益增加,地下结构抗震设计已经成为一个急待解决的问题。盾构隧道已被广泛地应用于我国众多工程建设领域,诸如海底隧道、城市地铁隧道等,以往的震害资料表明:隧道一旦在地震中遭受破坏,其损失将是惨重的。我国是一个多地震国家,因此有必要对盾构隧道的抗震问题进行深入的研究。 本论文简述了国内外有代表性的隧道工程震害实例和各国研究的动向,总结了地下结构地震反应的特点,并基于汕头海底隧道,利用有限差分软件FLAC3D进行地震动力数值分析。建立结构三维实体模型,对多种工况下的土-地下隧道衬砌结构进行了地震响应分析。分析典型工况下的隧道衬砌结构的地震响应;对比分析盾构隧道在不同衬砌管片厚度、不同衬砌材料、不同衬砌刚度等情况下隧道衬砌结构的地震响应;用数值模拟方法研究各种减震措施的减震效果,并对最优减震方法进行探讨。本文主要工作如下: 首先,对国内外有关隧道及地下结构的震害资料进行分类、整理和研究,总结出隧道的震害破坏模式、震害影响因素及震害破坏机理。 接着,用FLAC3D软件详细分析了盾构隧道在不同衬砌管片厚度、不同衬砌材料、不同衬砌刚度等情况下的地震响应,分析了衬砌结构在地震中的应力、应变、位移响应,对其在地震中的工作状态做出了判断。 最后,对盾构隧道可能使用到的一般减震方法和措施进行分析和对比,用数值模拟方法研究各种措施的减震效果,提出最优减震方案。 With the development of city construction and underground space exploitation, abundant underground buildings are being constructed. However, due to the lack of basic information, a mature method for the seismic design of underground structure is absented yet. The seismic design code for subway in our country isn't yet comprehensive. These make the research on the seismic design of underground structures more important and urgent. Shield tunnels have been widely used in many infrastructure construction fields in China, such as undersea tunnel, underground railroad. The existing damage records show that great loss would be inevitable if tunnels are destroyed during earthquake. Earthquakes frequently occur in our country, hence it's necessary to deeply study the seismic responses of shield tunnels. In this paper, the summary of worldwide typical instances of tunnels behavior during earthquake, the developments and available methods were briefly described, the characteristics regarding the tunnel damages during earthquake and classification were summarized, and the damage mechanism of shield tunnels from earthquake was described. Based on Shantou undersea tunnel, the finite-difference computing software FLAC3D was used to investigate the dynamical reaction principles of the surrounding rock and the tunnel support systems, several aspects such as different typical flame, different segment joint, lining thickness and different lining material were considered. The damping effect of each measure was studied and evaluated by using the numerical method and the optimum method, and the vibration-absorption measures for shield tunnel were discussed. The content of this paper includes: First, great data of earthquake disaster of tunnel and underground structure in home and abroad were classified, analyzed and studied. The seismic failure mode, the influence factors and failure mechanism were concluded. Second, deep study on the seismic responses of the tunnel body under different segment joint, lining thickness and lining material was carried out by using FLAC3D simulation. By analyzing the stress, strain and displacement of tunnel lining in earthquake, the work statues of tunnel could be estimated. Last, different vibration-absorption measures were analyzed and compared for shied tunnel, and the damping effect of different measures were evaluated by numerical simulation method, thus the optimum method of vibration-absorption for tunnels was discussed.

关 键 词： 盾构隧道 隧道衬砌结构 地震响应分析 抗减震措施 有限差分法

分 类 号： [U452.28]

领　　域： [建筑科学] [交通运输工程]