导　　师： 王汉卫

学科专业： 050102

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 暨南大学

摘　　要： 本文从近五年来初级商务汉语教材的生词量、词类分布、词语等级、生词构成、共选词和2-3次词等几个方面入手,采取数据库和量化分析的方法,探讨初级商务汉语教材的选词问题,得出以下结论: /(1/)1200-2000词汇量比较适合初上水平的教学。编写时严格控制生词量,并注意各年级、各分册间的词汇量安排。 /(2/)在通用汉语中常用的甲乙级词应考虑列入商务汉语教材中,对丙、丁级词和纲外词应慎重考虑。 /(3/)选词时应以名词、动词、形容词三大词类为主,并兼顾其他词类。可选入通用性较广、使用频率较高的专有名词。 /(4/)商务领域词语可定为500个左右,且将通用词语与商务领域词语的比例控制在3:1-5:1较为合理。 /(5/)共选词和2-3次词都体现了初级商务汉语教材词汇在某种程度上的共性,当列为词汇体系的重要组成部分,还应适当调整这些词的学习阶段。 /(6/)灵活利用《词汇等级大纲》和《商务汉语考试大纲》:①两者重合的甲乙级词当视作优先考虑对象,非重合部分的甲乙级词可根据商务话题来选择;②两者重合且分布在丙级、乙级和纲外的词应积极、慎重地收录。 /(7/)可参考《汉字大纲》选择常用字及含有常用字的词语;表达字面义的词语比表达比喻义的词语更容易理解与学习,初级教材应选取前者。 Drawing on the statistical information out of corpus data,including vocabulary quantity,the parts of speech,words grade,the ratio of general words and business words,common words,2-3 frequency words,this paper reports a quantitative and qualitative study on the vocabulary of four business Chinese materials,and discusses the vocabulary use in elementary business Chinese materials.The main conclusions are shown as follows: /(1/) The vocabulary of elementary business Chinese materials should be controlled within 1200 to 2000.Besides,more attention should be paid on the vocabulary of teaching materials for different teaching periods,and different teaching purposes. /(2/) A-grade and B-grade words should be listed in the elementary business Chinese teaching materials.C-grade and D-grade words should be carefully considered before listing. /(3/) When choosing words for elementary business Chinese teaching materials,the parts of speech should be arranged more rationally with noun,verb and adjective as three main parts of speech,and containing other kinds of the parts of speech at the same time. Commonly-used and high-frequent proper nouns can be taken into account. /(4/) About 500 business words are reasonable,and the ratio of general words and business words should be controlled within 3:1 to 5:1. /(5/) The common words and 2-3 frequency words reflect the common points of the four teaching materials.Therefore,they should be listed in other elementary business Chinese teaching materials.Moreover,the learning periods of these words should also be regulated properly. /(6/) The teaching materials' editors should make full use of Syllabus of Graded Words for Chinese Proficiency and Syllabus of Business Chinese Test.First,those overlapping words that distributed in A-grade and B-grade should be given priority when choosing words.As for those distributed in A-grade and B-grade but not the overlapping words should be chosen according to business topics.Second,those overlapping words that distributed in C-grade, D-grade and outside the Syllabus of Graded Words for Chinese Proficiency should be chosen positively and prudently. /(7/) Editors should select commonly-used characters and words contained commonly-used characters according to Syllabus of Graded Characters for Chinese Proficiency.Additionally, those words that expressed literal meaning are easier to understand and learn,elementary teaching materials should select these words other than those words that expressed metaphorical meaning.

关 键 词： 对外汉语 商务汉语 教材 词汇

分 类 号： [H195]

领　　域： [语言文字]