导　　师： 李爱梅

学科专业： 040203

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 暨南大学

摘　　要： 员工沉默是组织中普遍存在的现象。员工沉默指的是员工对与工作相关的问题、建议或观点基于各种原因而保持沉默,不发表意见的情况,是员工经过深思熟虑有意识选择的结果。沉默使得组织的信息交流和沟通存在障碍,组织不能有效地进行决策,并使存在问题不能得以改进,给企业的发展带来危害;对于个体,沉默使员工的工作积极性和满意度下降,并对员工的情绪以及认知都带来负面影响。组织中的沉默现象越来越受心理学与管理学的关注。 本研究在对国内外有关组织沉默的研究现状进行归纳整理的基础上,通过开放式问卷调查、访谈法、问卷法、方差分析、相关分析、回归分析、探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析等方法,分三个阶段进行了三项研究。一、探讨了我国组织中员工沉默的主要事件、原因及积极、消极影响;二、探讨了我国员工沉默的内容结构;三、探讨了员工沉默的作用机制。此外,还对员工沉默进行了人口统计变量上的差异比较。研究结果表明: 1、我国员工沉默的主要事件有其文化背景特点。 2、我国员工沉默由四个维度构成:防御性沉默、退缩性沉默、回避性沉默以及亲社会性沉默。 3、心理所有权对防御性沉默、退缩性沉默、回避性沉默起负向影响作用,对亲社会性沉默起正向影响作用。 4、组织公平感/(互动公平/)在心理所有权与员工沉默的关系中起调节作用。 5、防御性沉默、退缩性沉默、回避性沉默在性别、年龄、学历、工龄、职位以及单位性质这几个变量上存在差异,亲社会性沉默在人口统计变量上差异不显著。 Employee silence is a pervasive phenomenon in organizations.Employee silence refers to employee withholds ideas,suggestions or information in organization,according to different motives,it is a conscious and intentional choice by employees.Silence undermines organizational decision making and error-correction,and damages the development of the company.Besides,silence makes employee feel that they are not being valued,lack of control, even give rise to cognitive dissonance.Consequently,it brings low internal motivation,low satisfaction,withdrawal and turnover.Hence,concerns on silence in organization are growing. This study is based on the analyses of researches on organizational silence,through interview,open-questionnaire,anova analysis,correlation analysis,regression analysis, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis,having three stages to do three researches.First,investigate the issues,motives and positive,negative influence of employee silence in China.Second,investigate the structure of employee silence in China.Third, investigate the mechanism of employee silence.Besides,investigate the difference on employee silence among demographic variable.The results are as follows: 1、The issues that employee choose to be silent have Chinese cultural background characteristics. 2、Employee silence in China is composed by four dimensions:defensive silence,receded silence,avoidsive silence and prosocial silence. 3、Defensive silence,receded silence,avoidsive silence are negatively related to psychological ownership,while prosocial silence is positively related to psychological ownership. 4、Interactional justice moderate the relationship between psychological ownership and employee silence. 5、There are significant differences on defensive silence,receded silence and avoidsive silence among sex,age,education,working years,position and company types.But no significant differences on prosocial silence among these variables.

关 键 词： 员工沉默 心理所有权 组织公平感 互动公平

分 类 号： [B841.7]

领　　域： [哲学宗教] [哲学宗教]