导　　师： 王从军

学科专业： 080503

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华中科技大学

摘　　要： 逆向工程是一门综合运用计算机视觉、计算机图形、控制理论、数字图像处理、CAD//CAM、传感器等各种先进理论、技术和方法的系统工程,是各学科交叉的前沿研究领域。逆向工程是当代先进制造技术的重要组成部分,在吸收国内外的先进制造技术、缩短产品的开发周期以及降低生产成本等方面发挥着重大的作用。 本文在PowerRE-IA线扫描三维激光测量系统的基础上完成了PowerRE-IB线扫描四轴测量系统的设计及开发。使测量系统由三轴变为四轴,实现了测量数据的自动拼合。三维数据点的质量和数量直接影响着后续建模工作效果和效率,因此研究数据自动拼接技术有着十分重要的意义。本论文对旋转工作台标定、旋转扫描拼合及逆向工程中的多视数据自动拼和技术做了较为深入地研究。 对控制系统硬件进行分析、选择,对运动控制器编程进行重点研究,并在此基础上开发出旋转测量系统配套软件。 对于旋转工作台标定,论述了标定原理,设计两种标定块,并且讨论分析了三种标定方法。最后提出了一种简化的旋转标定方案,该方案只需要一个标准球,通过旋转工作台带动标准球旋转及Z轴移动即可得到多个标定点。 对于旋转拼合,论述了旋转拼合原理,研究了两种旋转扫描拼合方法——纯旋转扫描和混合扫描。 针对迭代最近点距离/(Iterative Closet Point, ICP/)寻找对应点困难的问题,提出利用点云曲率确立对应点的方法,即首先对重合区域的数据点进行曲率和法矢计算,通过重合区域内的点的曲率值及法矢寻找对应点,实现了多视数据自动拼合。 Reverse Engineering /(RE/) is an intersection of many research forelands and a sophisticated system engineering which integrate many advanced theories and technologies such as computer vision, computer measurement, control theory, digital image processing, CAD//CAM, and sensors. Reverse engineering is an important component of the modern advanced manufacturing technology; it plays a significant role in attracting domestic and foreign advanced manufacturing technology, cutting the product development cycle and reducing the cost of production. In this paper, a line scanning 4-axis Measurement System PowerRE-IB is designed and developed on the basis of the 3D laser scanning measurement system PowerRE-IA. It makes the measurement system from 3-axis to 4-axis and realizes the automatic registration of measurement data. The quality and quantity of 3D data points has a direct impact on the follow-up modeling effectiveness and efficiency, therefore it has great significance to research automatic data registration technology. In this paper, we have an in-depth and meticulous research on the calibration of rotary table, rotation scan and piece and automatic data registration technology in reverse engineering. The hardware of control system is analyzed and chosen, the motion controller programming is in key research and the rotating measuring system software packages is developed on basis of this. For the calibration of rotary table, the calibration principle is discussed, two calibration blocks are designed and three calibration methods are discussed and analyzed. Finally, a simplified rotation calibration program is proposed, which only needs a standard ball. More calibration points can be obtained by the rotary table driving the standard ball and the moving of Z-axis. For the rotating registration, the principle of rotating registration is discussed; two rotary scanning methods, pure rotating scan and mixed rotating scan are researched. For the problem of the method of Iterative Closet Point is d

关 键 词： 逆向工程 旋转台标定 旋转扫描 自动拼合 算法 曲率

领　　域： [机械工程] [机械工程] [机械工程]