导　　师： 胡旭晓

学科专业： 080201

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 浙江大学

摘　　要： 本文以多轴联动数控机床动态轨迹误差为研究内容,在分析国内外研究现状的基础上,探讨了多轴联动数控机床动态轨迹误差的理论基础,提出仿真及优化的方法与策略。在2坐标/(三轴/)联动和4坐标/(五轴/)联动的环境下搭建了动态轨迹误差的模型,提出了变进给速度插补控制策略,利用Matlab//Simulink/(对动态轨迹误差及相应的优化策略进行仿真,仿真结果表明该策略能有效提高轨迹整体动态精度和数控机床整体加工效率。本文分为六章。 第一章首先陈述了多轴联动数控机床动态轨迹误差的基本含义及其特性,提出动态轨迹误差的影响因素,综合论述了数控机床动态轨迹误差在当前高速、高精数控加工中的影响及其重要性,国内外动态轨迹误差仿真技术和优化技术的研究、应用的历史和现状,最后介绍了本论文的主要内容。 第二章对多轴联动数控机床动态轨迹误差模型进行了分析与搭建,建立加工五种典型曲线轨迹时的几何插补模型,建立典型中型数控机床轴位置控制器模型。 第三章利用第二章中所建立的几何插补和位置控制器模型,对多轴联动数控机床在不同进给速度下加工五种典型曲线轨迹时的动态轨迹误差进行仿真,并将结果与相应曲线轨迹的指令输入进行比较,进一步分析和研究了数控机床动态轨迹误差的产生原因和影响因素。 第四章在对多轴联动数控机床动态轨迹误差的理论研究和仿真分析的基础上,针对动态轨迹误差的两个主要影响因素,轨迹曲率和进给速度,提出变进给速度插补控制策略,并在Matlab//Simulink中建立相应模型。 第五章对变进给速度插补控制策略进行仿真,验证了变进给速度插补控制策略在降低动态轨迹误差中的有效性,并通过与自适应变步长插补算法和自适应弓高误差控制插补算法相比较,证明该策略具有一定的优越性。 第六章概括本课题研究工作和所得主要结论,并对今后数控机床动态轨迹误差仿真和优化研究作了展望。 Based on the investigation and analyzing of current status about dynamic contouring error of multi-axis NC machine tools, methods of simulating and reducing dynamic contouring error are proposed in this dissertation. Matlab//Simulink is used as the primary tool to simulate error. An interpolation strategy that the feed rate is adjusted automatically is developed. In chapter 1, an overview is given to establish the importance that the dynamic contouring error is to modern high-speed and high-accuracy NC machining. Discussion and investigation about factors of dynamic contouring error, existing methods of error simulating and reducing are given in this chapter. In chapter 2, Matlab//Simulink is used as a primary modeling tool. The geometry interpolating model of five representative curves and position controlling model are built in this chapter. In chapter 3, using the combination of models built in chapter 2, dynamic contouring errors are calculated as Matlab//Simulink is emulating the machining of the five representative curves. Results are analyzed and the former study on dynamic contouring error is proved to be correct. In chapter 4, considering the two main factors of dynamic contouring error, the interpolation strategy that the feed rate is adjusted automatically is developed. In chapter 5, the interpolation strategy is validated through the emulation. Chapter 6 is a summary of above research and study, draws the conclusion and prospects for future research done in related area.

关 键 词： 数控机床 动态轨迹误差 仿真 曲率 进给速度 插补控制策略

分 类 号： [TG659]

领　　域： [金属学及工艺]