导　　师： 李玉星

学科专业： 082003

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中国石油大学华东

摘　　要： 多相流计量技术被列为影响石油工业未来发展的关键技术之一,该技术不必分离出三相流的各个组成成份而同时对其各成份/(油、气、水/)的流量进行测量,可以替代由测试分离器及其控制系统、单相监控仪表、管汇等组成的巨大而笨重的传统测量系统,对于流程简化、减少油田开采成本具有重要意义。 在已经开展的研究基础上,提出了对现有多相流计测系统的改造方案,改造后系统计量原理为:利用基于油气水混合流体在明渠内的流体力学原理建立的气液相计量模型进行计算,获得气液两相流量初始值,将模型计量的结果和所提取的液位差压、气体微差压和压力等参数特征值作为气液两相计测神经网络相应的输入信号。神经网络根据输入信号的数值特征,并通过流型的识别分类对气液两相的流动特征进行定量分析,找到相关的物理量与气、液分相流速之间的函数关系,从而对模型计量结果进行进一步补偿和修正而得出气液两相的流量。 为了验证改造后多相流计测系统的性能指标,通过室内及现场实验对改造后的多相流计测系统进行了详细的研究。对采集到的数据的线性相关性进行了定量分析。根据分析结果,对不同的流型选取不同的特征参量对数据进行排序、分级和处理。处理过程采用了“交错叠盖区域拟合法”,实现了对状态参量的数值拟合。实验对比分析了改造前后装置结构以及测量程序的改进效果,对多相流量计测系统进行了现场测试,实验测试结果表明:得到修正后的计量系统的液相流量计量在90/%的置信概率下相对误差小于10/%,气相流量计量在90/%的置信概率下相对误差小于15/%,含水率相对误差小于5/%,本计量装置的计量精度接近或达到当前油田多相流计量要求。 针对多相流计测系统在现场实验中表现出的不足和缺点,对现有装置提出了新的改进方案。 The measurement of multiphase flow is one of the most critical technologies which influence the development of oil industry in the future. This technology needn’t separate each component of the multiphase flow, and can measure the flow rate of each component /(oil, water and gas/). So this technology can replace the traditional measurement system which is composed of test separator, single phase monitor instrument and manifold, and is very useful for flow process simplification and investment decrement of petroleum exploitation. Modified program about existing multiphase flow metering system was put forward based on the predecessor’s studies. The principle of the modified metering system is that the metering models of liquid and gaseous phase are established based on the principle of mixed fluid’s fluid dynamics in open channel, and then solved to get the preliminary flow rate of gas and liquid phase by means of these models. Results of models metering and the distilled eigenvalue of differential pressure of liquid level, tiny differential pressure of gas, pressure and other parameters are used as input of corresponding for gas-liquid two-phase measurement neural network. Based upon characteristics of numerical values, the neural network would perform quantitative analysis of flow feature by means of identification and classification of flow pattern, and then find out the functional relationship between correlation physical quantity and velocities of gas phase and liquid phase, further compensation and modification of the results would be made to obtain the final flow rate of gas and liquid phase. In order to validate the performance index of modified multiphase flow metering system, the detailed study has been done in laboratory and onsite experiment. The linear dependence of the collecting data has been quantitative analyzed in this thesis. According to the result of analyses, different characteristic parameters have been selected for different flow regime, and then the experimental data has been sorted, classified and calculated.‘Interlace-overlap interval fitting’was adopted to realize the numerical value fitting to state parameter in treating process. Amelioration effectiveness of modified device structure and measurement routine have been contrastively analyzed with the before modified. Multiphase flow metering system was applied to onsite experiment. The results showed that the relative error of liquid phase flow rate is below 10/% at a confidence level of 90/%, the relative error of gas phase flow rate is below 15/% at a confidence level of 90/%, the relative error of water cut is less than 5/%. The metering precision of this meter can approach or meet the need of oilfield multiphase flow metering. New modified program about the device in existence is put forward aiming at the shortages and flaws of multiphase flow metering system at field testing.

关 键 词： 多相流计量 明渠流 计量模型 神经网络

分 类 号： [TH814]

领　　域： [机械工程] [机械工程]