导　　师： 吴堑虹;邓吉秋

学科专业： 070503

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中南大学

摘　　要： 湘江作为洞庭湖水系最大的河流,既是流域主要饮用水源地,又是沿江城市的重要纳污水体,是湖南经济社会发展的重要命脉。 湘江运输业及沿江工业的发展,使湘江发生重金属污染突发事件的频率增加,使得湘江突发事件重金属水质模型的需求日趋迫切,然而目前对突发事件重金属水质的模拟还集中于一维情形,二维模型只有理论模型,而实际求解困难并且可视化程度不高,根据国家“十一五”重大科技专项中的《国家水体污染控制与治理科技项目》的《湘江水环境重金属污染整治关键技术研究与综合示范》课题,本文结合湘江的实际情况,对湘江重金属突发事件水质模拟与预警进行研究,通过简化基本模型,推导出适用于湘江重金属迁移扩散的一维和二维动态水质模型,并研究了一维模型的有限差分法求解和二维模型的有限元法求解,获得了一维模型和二维模型的数值解。 针对湘江水环境的实际需求,开展了对湘江重金属突发污染事件水质模拟预测系统的需求和目标分析,采用UML建模技术,对系统总体结构、开发模式、功能结构体系以及数据库进行了详细设计,基于GIS技术、计算机网络技术和数据库技术,以ArcSDE为空间数据引擎,以Oracle9i为后台数据库,通过Matlab7.5进行重金属迁移扩散的一维和二维动态水质模型求解,在.NET平台上利用ArcGISEngine9.2进行组件式二次开发,将模型与GIS进行有机集成,研究开发了C//S模式的湘江重金属突发污染事件水质模拟预测系统,进而实现了湘江重金属水质模拟预测的动态可视化表达。 本系统通过交互式操作,实现重金属污染事故和突发事件/(非常规/)监测数据的管理以及各种空间信息和数据的查询和统计,以水质可视化模型和电子地图结合的形式,反映重金属突发污染事件后污染带的时空变化与趋势、污染带波及的范� Xiangjiang River, as the largest river in the Dongting Lake water system, is not only a major drinking water source basin, but also an important container for pollutant carrying of the waterside cities. So it is the crucial lifeline for economic and social development in HUNAN province. The development of Xiangjiang River shipping and other industries along the river causes the increasing frequency of the heavy metal pollution outburst in the Xiangjiang Rive and also furthe demands the Xiangjiang River thunderbolt heavy metal water quality model day by day. However, the current simulation of heavy metals in the water quality still concentrates in the one-dimensional situation while two-dimensional model is just a theoretical one, but difficultly for solving practical problems /& the visualization degree of the model is not high. According to the '11th Five-Year Plan' major science and technology in the special 'state water pollution control and management technology' of the 'Xiangjiang River water environment of heavy metal pollution remediation research of key technologies and integrated model' issue, combined with the actual situation of Xiangjiang River, the text is aiming at the research of the Xiangjiang River heavy metal outburst water quality simulation and the early warning. Through the simplified fundamental model, we can infer heavy metal migration proliferation of one-dimensional and two-dimensional dynamic water quality model that is suitable for the Xiangjiang River. Meanwhile, we will study on the one-dimensional model of the finite difference method /&two-dimensional model of the finite element method solution. At the same time, the one-dimensional model and the two-dimensional model numerical solution have been obtained. In view of the actual demand of Xiangjiang River water environment, we had analyzed the requirement and objective of the heavy metal pollution water quality simulation forecast system. Using the UML modeling technology, we have carried out detailed design for the system

关 键 词： 重金属污染 水质模拟 地理信息系统

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]