导　　师： 胡宝林

学科专业： 083002

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 安徽理工大学

摘　　要： 农业非点源污染是当今世界普遍存在的环境问题,目前已经成为我国水环境恶化和湖泊富营养化的重要因素,对农业非点源污染机理和控制对策的研究越来越受到重视。控制农业非点源污染、保护生态环境对实现我国农业、资源和环境的协调发展有着重要的理论和现实意义。 本文在分析、总结国内外相关文献的基础上,选择淮河流域淮南中段一典型区域作为研究区域。通过对研究区域资料的调查、收集和整理,分析研究区域农业非点源污染的现状;对研究区域降雨径流中氮、磷的流失进行测定及分析,探讨在研究区域中不同土地利用类型氮、磷流失对环境污染的贡献率;运用GIS的相关软件来处理基础图件,提取专题图层,用于支持农业非点源污染模型AGNPS中的空间参数和属性参数的确定;并提出农业非点源污染的防治措施,包括美国的最佳管理措施/(BMPs/)以及加强对污染源的防治措施;最后提出防治农业非点源污染的展望。 通过对以上内容的研究,以期为淮河流域淮南中段的水环境综合整治提供科学依据。 Agricultural non-point source pollution is a ubiquitous environmental problem nowadays, and it is the most important factor for water environmental deterioration and Lake Eutrophication in China. It's very significant in both theory and realism to control agricultural non-point source pollution and protect our ecological environment for realizing the harmonized development of resource, environment and agriculture in China. In this paper, a representative region area of Huaihe River is choosed as the region of study base on analyzing and summarizing of many literatures. The actuality of agricultural non-point source pollution is analyzing ,existent problems of non-point source pollution is pointed out by survey, collect and tidy of basic data on the representative area .The concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus are menstruated and analyzed in the rainfall runoff of the area. probe into the offering rate to environmental pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus of different land utilization type in the region of interest, and by use of the GIS software to dispose the foundation drawing, abstract the thematic map layer, which are used for the assertion of spatial parameter in the agricultural non-point source pollution model, and put forward the prophylactic-therapeutic measures of agricultural non-point source pollution, including the best management practices /(BMPs/) as well as strengthen the prophylactic-therapeutic measures for pollution source, put forward the prospect of prevention and cure the agricultural non-point source pollution in the end. Through researching the fore-mentioned, it is expected that the model and methods can provide scientific basis for the water resources administration and decisions of the Huaihe River which has great practical significance.

关 键 词： 技术 淮河 农业非点源污染

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]