导　　师： 彭小川

学科专业： 050102

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 暨南大学

摘　　要： 本文在前人研究的基础上,将共时描写和历时考察相结合,综合运用对比分析、变换分析、层次分析等各种分析方法,对现代汉语中副词“才”、“就”共现的“才X就Y”句式进行了深入的描写和探讨。 本文主要在以下5个方面提出自己的观点: 1、“才X就Y”句式中的副词“才”、“就”对量级成分具有敏感性特征。一方面,“才”和“就”突出限定句中的“量级成分”,并引入说话者主观期待的对应成分,在对比中表达说话人的主观评价。另一方面,“才”、“就”又常常对其语义上的关联成分具有量级上的限定性。 2、“才X就Y”句式在整体语义上有减值强调和增值强调两种。“才L就L”在整体语义上呈现增值强调,以小言大,以少言多;“才L就D”和“才D就D”在整体语义上呈现减值强调,强调后一动作行为/(情况/)出现或实现得早或快。 3、在“才D就D”中,“有界”和“无界”概念对“才”的隐现规律有着制约作用。 4、“才X就Y”在传达说话者的主观情感信息过程中,以“出乎意料”为语义基础,既可以传达积极情感信息,又可以传达消极情感信息。同时这种情感信息的表达又具有层次性特征。 5、“才X就Y”句式的形成发展,是伴随着“才”和“就”的语法化、主观化过程而发展的。 In this paper we analyse the sentence pattern of 'cai X jiu Y' through various methods such as hierarchy analysis, transform analysis, contrast analysis and so on. We put forward conclusions as follows:1.In the sentence pattern of 'cai X jiu Y', both 'cai' and 'jiu' have the characteristic of magnitude sensitivity. On the one hand, they modify and restrict the magnitude component. On the other hand, they often require the corresponding composition have the characteristic of magnitude.2.The sentence pattern can express the value majorrate and value minorrate. It expresses the value majorrate by the contrast of the former and later L in 'cai L jiu L'. It expresses the value minorrate by emphasizing the last behavior /(situation /) appears or realizes early or fast at the whole meaning in 'cai L jiu D'.3.In 'cai D jiu D', the concept of 'bounded' and 'unbounded' have function of restriction to the omission or appearance of 'cai'.4.The sentence pattern can transmit the information of speaker's subjective emotion based on 'unexpected'. It can transmit both positive and passive emotion information. And the transmission of emotion information is possessed of the characteristic of different levels.5. The forming and development of the sentence pattern of 'cai X jiu Y' follows the grammaticalization and subjectivisation of 'cai' and 'jiu'.

关 键 词： 才 就 量级成分 敏感性 减值 增值 有界 无界

领　　域： [语言文字]