导　　师： 高科

学科专业： 030206

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 吉林大学

摘　　要： 自近代民族国家形成以来，国家主义就作为一种意识形态，伴随着民族国家的发展。国家主义具有精神与物质的双重性，它既是意识形态，又是政治实践。国家主义有内外两种取向，其内在取向表现为国家意识，核心是个人与国家间的伦理关系；其外在取向表现为国家意志，核心是国家间的伦理。 对国家主义的探讨，既有理论价值，又有现实意义。理论价值植根于历史的经验，现实意义则依托于对特定国家的政治分析。 本文的第一部分，探讨国家主义的一般概念。国家主义有基本的规定性，但却没有确定的定义。在历史上，它的演变是复杂的。所以，为了把握国家主义的一般规定性，比较切实的方法，是将国家主义的历史现象进行分类，进而归纳各类的特征。因此，第一部分的基本内容是：首先理清国家主义的发展史，然后将国家主义分为四种类型，并概括其特征。第一部分的最后，还探讨了国家主义与民族主义的关系，重在强调二者的区别。 本文的第二部分，探讨了日俄两国的国家主义。在第一部分对国家主义进行一般分类的基础上，对日俄两个特定国家进行具体分析。首先，历史地审视和归纳两国国家主义的各自特征，其次，分析两国国家主义的区别与联系。其中，重点关注国家主义对日俄两国对外政策的影响，并对中日、中俄关系及中日俄三角关系的某些领域和层面有所涉及。 国家主义的内涵不是恒定的，必须历史地把握其规定性，并结合时代特点，横向比较特定国家主义的具体性。在纵向的发展和横向的联系中，辩证地把握国家主义。 The state above all followed the nations developing as a ideology since modern forming.It had double nature material and spirit.It was both a ideology and politial practice.It has two charatce;one is the relation between the state and the person,the other is the relation between the nations. To the study of the state above all,it is both the worth of theory and the immediate significance.The worth of theory is based on political analyzing of the special nation. The first part of the article,it studied the conceptions of the state above all.The state above all has basic concept but has no definition.In the past,its development was complicated.So,it is the method that classified the history phenomenon of the state above all in order to grasp the basic concept. The basic contents was making clear its developing history ,classifying the state above all and summarizing its traits.At last,it studied the relations between the state above all and nationalism.It is important to emphasize differences of them. The second and third parts of the article,it studied Japanese and Russian the state above all.The first part was based on classifying of the state above all and studied to the special nation.At first,it discusses the traits of the two nations,and then,it analyses the differences and relations of them.It is important to pay attention to influence of foreign policies of them,and related to China and Japan,China and Russia,and China,Japan and Russia. The connotation of the state above all is not constant,it must grasp its essence and compared particular of the state above all.It must grasp the state above all dialectically.

关 键 词： 特定国家 中俄关系 三角关系 对外政策 国际关系 国际政治 国际秩序 国家意识 人与国家 国家利益

领　　域： [政治法律]