导　　师： 张小平;谭伟;郑林用

学科专业： 071005

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 四川农业大学

摘　　要： 通过几种食用菌，川耳1号/(Auricularia fuscosucciuea/)、蘑菇2796/(Agaricus bisporus/)、杏鲍菇/(Pleurotus eryngii/)、金针菇/(Flammulina velutipes/)、香菇类的武香/(Lentinu edodes/)、草菇V2039/(Lentinu edodes/)、赤芝/(Ganoderma lucidum/)、茯苓/(Poria cocos/)、长根菇/(Oudenmansiella radicata/)、姬松茸/(Agaricus blazei/)与植物病原菌核盘菌/(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum/)、稻瘟病菌/(Pyricularis grisea/)、丝核菌/(Rhizoctonia solani/)、玉米小斑病菌/(Bipolaris maydis/)等病原菌的对峙培养试验。试验结果表明，长根金钱菌和川耳1号对玉米小斑病菌有很强的拮抗作用；长根金钱菌对水稻稻瘟病菌也有很强的拮抗作用。在此基础上，通过菌丝间的相互作用观察、对扣试验和马铃薯蔗糖发酵液对病原菌菌丝生长抑制作用等项研究表明：只有长根金钱菌的发酵液对玉米小斑病菌菌丝生长有抑制作用。因此选择长根金钱菌作为对玉米小斑病菌的生防菌株进行了进一步的研究。 长根金钱菌不同的C//N试验和正交试验可知：最适合长根金钱菌菌丝生长的C//N为10～20：1，最适培养基是玉米粉4％、蔗糖1％、黄豆粉1.5％、蛋白胨0.2％和初始pH7；并且玉米粉、蔗糖、黄豆粉、蛋白胨和初始pH各因素对菌丝生长的影响依次减弱。菌丝生长曲线表明，5～10天菌丝生长速度最快，此阶段的菌丝体是最好的液体菌种，15天菌丝生物量达到最大。 通过正交试验不同处理的发酵液对玉米小斑病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用结果证明：培养基是玉米粉4％、蔗糖3％、黄豆粉0.5％、蛋白胨0.2％和初始pH6时，发酵液对玉米小斑病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用最强，且初始pH、蔗糖、蛋白胨、黄豆粉和玉米粉各因素对玉米小斑病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用依次减小。 发酵液对玉米小斑病菌菌丝生长的抑制率与长根金钱菌的生� The confront culture testes were done between some edible fungus/(Auricularia fuscosucciuea, Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus eryngii, Flammulina velutipes, Lentinu edodes, Lentinu edodes, Ganoderma lucidum, Poria cocos, Oudenmansiella radicata, Agaricus blazei/) and some fungous plant pathogens/(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Pyricularis grisea, Rhizoctonia solani, Bipolar is maydis/). The results showed that O. radicata and A. fuscosucciuea had a strong antagonism against B. maydis, and O. radicata had a strong antagonism against P.grisea too. Furthermore, the results indicated only the fermented culture broth of O. radicata inhibited the mycelial growth of B. maydis by the survey of mycelial interaction, enclosed chamber test as well as inhibiting effects of potatoes sucrose culture broth against the mycelial growth of plant pathogens, So O.radicata was selected as biological control strain for further study. The results of different C//N and orthogonal tests for O.radicata showed the adequate C : N ratio in medium was 10-20:1, the optimum culture ingredients were as following: corn powder 4/%,sucrose 1/%, soybean powder 1.5/%, peptone 0.2/% and primary p H 7.0, and the effects of corn powder, sucrose, soybean powder, peptone and primary p H 7.0 on the mycelial growth weakened gradually. Mycelial growth curve indicated the mycelial growth rate was the fastest, when O. radiacat was incubated for 5-10 days at 25C. The culture of this phase is the best as inoculum in fermentation, and the mycelial yield of O. radiacat was the highest after incubation for 15 days. The inhibiting effects of fermented culture broth of different treatment of orthogonal test against the mycelial growth of B. maydis proved the fermented culture broth had the strongest antagonism against the mycelial growth of B. maydis, when the medium ingredient was as following: corn powder 4/%, sucrose 3/%, soybean powder 0.5/%, peptone 0.2/% and primary p H 6.0, and the inhibiting effects of primary p H 6.0,sucrose, peptone, soybean po

关 键 词： 长根金钱菌 玉米小斑病菌 拮抗作用 培养条件

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]