导　　师： 龚隽;周炽成

学科专业： 010101

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南师范大学

摘　　要： 心性论在宋代理学范畴和理论体系中占有十分重要的地位，它充分体现了宋代理学乃至整个中国哲学的特点。胡宏作为南宋著名的理学家，他在继承前人的思想的基础上，对心、性作了深入的挖掘和精微的研究，并提出尽心以成性的思想。本文分三个部分论述其心性论： 一、论述性，胡宏的“性”有双重含义：第一重含义，性无定体，偏重其活动义，性体即道体即天命，性体是天地万物存在与活动的最终根据和内在本性；第二重含义，物有定性，偏重其存在义，万物各正其性，万物皆成于性。 二、论述心，天地之心在人是人之心，更确切地讲，是人的良心。人之心是人之性之用、之己发，人之心能认知万物、体知天地，能主性情、宰制万物。人的良心，是人的本质属性，知、仁、勇皆原于良心，人应察识、扩充其良心，使良心充于一身，通于天地。 三、论述尽心以成性，尽心成性就是察识涵养、穷理致知、主敬至诚、尽心成仁和理性立命，从而成其身、成其家、成其国、成其天下，换句话说，成已成物，成仁成天地，达到体用一源，本末一贯，心性合一，天人合一。 The mind-nature theory is an important part of neo-Confucian philosopgy in Song Dynasty. Hu Hong, who is a famous philosophy in Song Dynasty, puts forward his own mind-nature theory in which he holds 'to fulfil mind then to achieve nature'. This paper deals with Hu Hong's mind-nature theory by three parts. The first one is about nature. Hu Hong gives nature double meaning. He emphasizes nature on the movement aspect. In this regarding, nature has no fixed form. As the body of Way or Destiny, nature is the ultimate basis and inherent character of all things in the universe. On the other hand, He emphasizes it on existence aspect, that is to say, all things come from nature and obtain their own nature respectively. The second part is about mind. The mind of the universe presented in human being is man's mind, strictly to say, man's conscience. As the realization or development of his own nature, Man's mind can recognize all things in the universe, appreciate the essence of the universe, control the will and sentiment, and dominate all things. Man's conscience, which is the source of intellection, goodness and braveness, is essential character of man. Man ought to appreciate and develop his conscience. The final part is to analyse 'to fulfil mind then to achieve nature'. It means appreciation or realization of mind, acquirement of knowledge after studying phenomena completely, keeping awesome and sincere sense, fulfiling mind to achieve goodness, and adjusting nature to shape destiny. If a man could reach this point, then he can cultivate himself perfectly, arrange his family harmoniously, adminiter the state successfully, and unify the world completely. If a man does so, he fulfils his mind and achieve his nature, and reach the state of 'fusion of heaven and man'.

关 键 词： 心性论 宋代理学 胡宏 中国古代哲学

领　　域： [哲学宗教]