导　　师： 杨龙祥

学科专业： 081001

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 南京邮电大学

摘　　要： 近年来物联网发展非常迅速，为人们提供了随时随地丰富多彩的通信和信息服务。在将来，物联网的终端设备的数量将非常巨大，遍布于城市的每一个角落，为了能够对每一个设备进行寻址，整个网络需要庞大的地址空间来支撑。在IPv4基础上发展起来的IPv6，拥有几乎取之不尽的地址空间和突出的通信性能，这为物联网的发展创造了良好的网络通信和可拓展性。IPv6还具有很多适合物联网大规模应用的特性，例如IPv6简洁的报头和良好的可扩展性，突出的安全性，自动地址配置，移动性等，这些都促使IPv6成为物联网应用的基础网络技术。 为了解决IPv6与无线传感网的结合，IETF成立了6LoWPAN（IPv6over Low power WirelessPersonal Area Network）工作小组。6LoWPAN通过在网络层和链路层之间增加一个适配层实现了IPv6数据包在IEEE802.15.4网络上的传输，它提供了IPv6报文报头压缩，IPv6报文的分片和重组以及路由支持等功能。本文也将对6LoWPAN中的报头压缩，数据分片重组和路由算法进行研究。 在低功耗网络中，如果直接采用完整的IPv6协议栈的话，也会带来一系列的问题。首先是代码空间和数据缓存对存储空间的要求很大，然后复杂的IPv6协议会使得设备的数据处理量和信息发送量非常大，会严重影响节点的生存时间。因此本文将详细分析IPv6协议栈的各功能模块，比如邻居发现、自动地址配置、ICMPv6等，根据物联网的特点和需求，对IPv6的各功能模块进行优化、精简。 最后本文设计了物联网中轻量级的IPv6协议栈，然后在TINYOS上搭建一个IPv6仿真平台，通过TOSSIM对IPv6协议栈进行测试。 As the development of the Internet of Things, it will eventually change our daily life byproviding information and communication services for everyone anywhere anytime with everything.In the future the amount of devices in IOT can be very large, in order to address every device, thenetwork needs to support a huge address space which not even the IPv4can provide. IPv6, whichdeveloped on the basis of IPv4, has brought enormous address space and end to end communicationfeatures, created a good communications network condition and the ability to expand thedevelopment of the Internet of Things. IPv6also has a lot of things suitable for large-scaleapplication features such as IPv6header and simplified scalability, security, IPv6automatic addressconfiguration, mobility, etc. These features promote applying the IPv6stack on the Internet ofThings. In order to solve the combination of IPv6and Wireless Sensor Networks, IETF set up a6LoWPAN working group in2004to research6LoWPAN. It allows IPv6packets transmitted on theIEEE802.15.4network by adding an adaptation layer between IP layer and MAC layer.Theadaptation layer provides the function of packet header compression, packet fragmentation andreassembly, and routing support. This paper will research the6LoWPAN, including headercompression, packet fragment and reassembly, and routing algorithms. It will bring a series of problems if apply the full IPv6protocol stack into the low-powernetwork. At first the code space and data cache requires a lot of storage space, and then complexIPv6protocol will increase large amount of data processing and information transmitting, whichwill decrease the survival time of the node. Therefore, this paper will research the functionalmodules of the IPv6protocol stack, such as neighbor discovery, automatic address configuration,ICMPv6, etc., and then simplify the IPv6stack according to the characteristics and needs of IOT. Finally, this paper designs the Light-weight IPv6stack on the system of TinyOS, and builds asimulation platform of t

关 键 词： 物联网 轻量级 协议栈

领　　域： [电子电信] [电子电信] [自动化与计算机技术] [自动化与计算机技术]