导　　师： 张雷

学科专业： 0812

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 北京邮电大学

摘　　要： 无线传感器网络/(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN/)中主要含有两类节点,用于采集数据的传感器节点和用于汇聚数据的Sink节点。其中,分布在区域内的传感器节点通过自组织的方式构成通信网络,将收集到的环境信息以多跳的方式传输给Sink节点,再通过Sink节点将信息传输到用户。早期的无线传感器网络大多是针对固定节点而设计的,近年,随着WSN的应用呈现多样性的发展,在部分应用场景中需要节点具有移动能力,例如战场侦察,森林巡视,医疗监护等。 在WSN中,具有移动能力的Sink节点不仅丰富了WSN的应用场景,而且为解决Sink周围传感器节点能量瓶颈的问题提供了有效的途径,从而为节点能量受限的WSN延长了网络的生存周期。采用分层设计思想的路由协议TTDD/(Two-Tier Data Dissemination/)提出的移动性问题解决方案,得到了国内外研究人员的广泛认可,它的核心思想是在全网构建虚拟的网格结构和为移动的Sink节点设定二级代理。本文在深入研究TTDD路由协议的基础上,针对其网格构建和维护开销较大、应用场景较简单的不足之处,提出了一种改进型路由协议I-TTDD。改进型路由协议的主要思想是通过特定的分群算法,在网络中构建易于复用的网格结构,减少网络能量消耗。同时,改进协议还支持不同优先级的数据类型和查询驱动的数据通信模型,丰富了应用场景。本文基于NS2搭建仿真环境,对TTDD和I-TTDD两个协议进行了实验对比,验证了I-TTDD协议的先进性。最后,基于全文总结的基础上说明了现有工作的不足和改进方向。 Wireless sensor network /(WSN/) contains two main types of nodes, the sensor nodes for data collection and the sink nodes for aggregation of data. A large number of sensor nodes distributed in the region constituted the communication network by the way of self-organization, and the en-vironment information collected by the sensor nodes are transmitted to the sink nodes by the way of multi-hop, then the sink nodes transmit data to the users. Previously, nodes are stationary in WSN. In recent years, with the diversity development of WSN applications, nodes need to have the ability to move in some application scenarios, such as battlefield re-connaissance, forest patrol, medical care, and so on. In WSN, sink nodes having the ability to move not only enrich the WSN application scenarios, but also provide an effective way to solve the energy bottleneck problem of the sensor nodes around sink, thus extend-ing the life cycle for the energy-constrained network. Hierarchical routing protocol TTDD /(Two-Tier Data Dissemination/) proposed a solution for mobility problems which has been widely recognized by researchers, and the core idea is to build a virtual grid structure in the whole network and set two agents for mobile Sink nodes. Based on in-depth studying TTDD protocol, this paper proposes an improved routing protocol I-TTDD fo-cusing on the deficiencies of large overhead on building and maintaining grid structure and simple scenarios. The main idea of the improved pro-tocol is to build a multiplexed grid structure with clustering algorithm, which made energy consumption reduced. while the improved protocol supports networks with different priority data types, supports for que-ry-driven data communication model, and enriches the application sce-narios. Experiments of two routing protocols of I-TTDD and TTDD are conducted in the NS2simulation environment, and verified that the ad-vanced of I-TTDD. Finally, based on the summary description, the lack of direction and improvement of existing work are illustrated.

关 键 词： 无线传感器网络 移动性 路由协议 代理

分 类 号： [TN929.5 TP212.9]

领　　域： [电子电信] [电子电信] [自动化与计算机技术] [自动化与计算机技术]