导　　师： 万国华

学科专业： 1201

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 上海交通大学

摘　　要： 在按订单制造的生产系统中，提前期是影响企业在市场中竞争优势的重要因素。基于提前期管理以提升企业的收益，是企业面临的一个重要而现实的问题。论文主要考虑按订单制造的生产系统中，对顾客的提前期问询和生产的排序和调度同时优化的问题。假设有一个单阶段生产线，订单在线到达且存在订单交付期限。订单到来后，制造商必须给定一个交货期（提前期），顾客则根据给定的提前期拒绝或者确认订单。制造商在决策中，必须同时考虑订单的提前期决策和生产计划决策，以最大化自己的收益。本文建立了该问题的数学模型，将不同层次的决策——订单接收//拒绝、提前期问询和排序与调度结合起来，从而对这些决策做出权衡，以达到最大化长期单位时间订单收益的目标。论文设计了一个启发式算法（SPM）同时优化在线订单的提前期及生产排序与调度，其中包含一个计算机制用以近似评估一个订单的价值以及提前期对未来收益的影响。数值实验的结果表明：SPM相对于普遍采用的先到先服务规则FCFS（First-Come-First-Service）有显著的优势。通过实验，论文得到了不同因素水平下算法中的主要控制参数的最优取值范围。论文还通过正交试验设计方法，对问题的主要因素进行了方差分析，结果显示最重要的因素是高性价比订单的比例，决策者可根据该因素的变化来制定算法中的控制参数策略。 In MTO, Lead-time is a major factor that affects the advantage theenterprise could get from the market. It is so important and practical that theenterprise should improve revenue based on the Lead-time management. Thisstudy mainly deals with the problem of simultaneous optimization ofscheduling and lead-time quotation in MTO. Suppose there is a single-stageproduction system with online orders or unpredictable future orderinformation, and orders have limitation for due-dates. Customers areimmediately quoted a strict lead-time on their arrival by the manufacturer andhave rights to place the order or not. The manufacturer must simultaneouslydecide the lead-time and scheduling plan of the order to maximize the profit.This research establishes a mathematical model to combine simultaneouslydecisions of order accepting//refusing, lead-time quotation and scheduling, tomake trade off among them and to maximize the long-term average profit. Aheuristic algorithm--SPM is designed to optimize the process of orderaccepting and scheduling, including a specific computational mechanism toestimate the impact of accepting an order and quoting a corresponding lead-time to the future profit gain. Through the numerical experiments, it isconcluded that SPM is much better than the common FCFS /(First Come FirstService/). Further, optimal range of the main control parameter in thealgorithm is explored in different combinations of parameter levels. The partof the orthogonal experimental design gives results of ANOVA, ranking theproportion of high-margin order as the most influential factor in the problem.Therefore, the decision-maker could easily customize the control parameterproperly according to the change of the major factor.

关 键 词： 排序与调度 提前期问询 订单管理 收益管理

分 类 号： [F274]

领　　域： [经济管理] [经济管理]