导　　师： 彭会清

学科专业： 083001

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 武汉理工大学

摘　　要： 铜矿资源是国民经济发展中的重要原料，开发利用过程中会产生大量废水。目前处理铜矿山废水一般采用中和沉淀吸附法，出水上清液用于生产回水或绿化用水，沉渣进尾矿库。该处理方法可以达到废水处理的目的，但增加了工业生产中的经济投入，处理过程中需要投加大量絮凝剂，并且废水中金属离子不能回收利用。本课题所选用铜矿废水中含有大量铝元素和一定量的铁元素，是絮凝剂PAFC的主要组成元素，具有回收价值。本课题通过对铜矿废水进行中和沉淀，回收得到含铝、铁氢氧化物的固体，然后通过酸溶—聚合，将其制成絮凝剂PAFC，并将自制的PAFC回用于废水的处理过程中，达到就地取材，回收利用有用资源，以废治废的目的，使经济效益和环境效益取得了双赢。 通过酸碱废水配比实验，确定首次酸碱废水混合比例为1：0.6，然后对混合后的废水进行中和沉淀回收废水中铝、铁元素，在Na2O2用量20mg·L-1、溶液pH5.2、反应时间15min条件下取得了理想的回收效果，铝、铁的回收率都在99/%以上，同时对废水进行了初步处理。 沉淀物酸溶试验中，加入回收得到的固体沉淀35g，氢氧化铝粉末5g，在盐酸浓度为23/%，盐酸过量系数为1.4，反应温度为105℃，反应时间1.8h条件下，铝的溶出率达到73.2/%，铁的溶出率达到91.5/%，反应后酸溶液中铝、铁的摩尔比为7.37。 在铝酸钙用量为25g，反应温度为95℃，反应时间为3.5h条件下以酸溶液制备PAFC，并以自制的PAFC为絮凝剂，对回收铝、铁后的混合废水进行中和混凝沉淀。结果表明，在pH值为8.0，PAFC量为8mL·L-1，快速搅拌速度325r·min-1，搅拌时间5min，慢速搅拌速度80r·min-1，搅拌时间3min时，絮凝效果最好，处理后水样中重金属离子含量在国家工业废水二级排放标准以下，COD含量为198mg·L-1。通过 Copper is the important raw material in the national economic production.However, the formation of wastewater in the process of the development andutilization of the copper mine is inevitable. Now the wastewater can commonly betreated by precipitation and adsorption, the supernatant back to mine or used forafforestation and the sediment into the tailings. That can achieve the goal ofwastewater treatment, but it may increase economic investment in industrialproduction and lots of flocculants need to be added, and the metal ion in waste watercannot be recycled. The copper wastewater used in this paper contains a lot of Alelement and Fe element and has the recovery value. The neutralization precipitationand acid polymer was used for copper mine waste water in this topic. The PAFC wasprepared with the aluminum and iron in the wastewater. Using PAFC as flocculantsto precipitate the wastewater, which can achieve that obtaining raw material locallyand recycling useful resources and using waste to treat waste and making theeconomic benefits and environmental benefits achieved win-win. In the acid and alkali waste water mixing experiment, we determine the acid-base wastewater with mixing ratio of1:0.6, and then aluminum, iron were stepwiserecycled by neutralization precipitation. When dosage of Na2O2was20mg·L-1, at thepH of5.2, reaction time15min, the recovery effect is ideal, aluminum, ironrecovery rate more than99/%, while the wastewater carries on the preliminarytreatment For acid soluble experiment of the precipitate adding35g the recovered solidprecipitate,5g aluminum hydroxide powder, hydrochloric acid concentration23/%,hydrochloric acid in excess coefficient of1.4, reaction temperature105℃, reactiontime1.8h, the aluminum dissolved rate reaches73.2/%, the iron leaching ratereaches91.5/%, after reaction, the molar ratio of aluminum, iron in the acid solutionis7.37. Under the conditions of25g calcium aluminat, reaction temperature at95℃,polymerization time for3.5h and the PAFC that was prepared from sedi

关 键 词： 矿山废水 聚合氯化铝 金属离子 化学需氧量

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]