导　　师： 白廷柱

学科专业： 0803

授予学位： 博士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 北京理工大学

摘　　要： 潜在目标是指被检测物体表面通过肉眼难以发现、识别的目标（如指纹、体液等），由于紫外成像光谱技术同时具有紫外激发荧光能力及光谱成像的优点，因而在潜在目标探测领域具有不可替代的优势，已经成为该领域目前的热点研究方向。本文针对潜在目标探测在大气中进行的特殊性，在分析现有紫外成像光谱技术在该领域应用所存在问题基础上，对傅立叶变换成像光谱技术在该领域的应用开展了理论及关键技术研究，提出一种像平面式干涉仪与Offner系统相结合的大孔径紫外傅立叶变换成像光谱仪/(Large Aperture Ultraviolet Fourier Transform Imaging Spectrometer,以下简称LAUV-FTIS/)方案，并设计和试制了原理样机进行了验证。本文的研究工作不仅可为相关领域的研究提供理论支撑，同时，也为在工程领域应用做出了相应的探索。本文主要研究工作包括： /(1/)在分析现有紫外成像光谱仪在潜在目标探测领域应用时所存在问题的基础上，研究了傅立叶变换成像光谱技术在该领域应用的可行性和傅立叶变换成像光谱仪/(Fourier Transform Imaging Spectrometer，FTIS/)的主要结构及性能。研究结果表明：时间-空间调制型结构具有高光通量、环境适应能力强的优点，在潜在目标探测领域所需的地面中紫外/(MUV/)及近紫外/(NUV/)波段应用时，综合性能优于时间调制型及空间调制型结构。 /(2/)研究了时间-空间调制型FTIS的两种主要结构和干涉过程，推导出了像平面式干涉仪的光程差非简化表达式，分析了横向剪切式及像平面式干涉仪在不同工作模式时光程差的非线性残差，提出一种适用于紫外波段的像平面干涉仪单侧离焦工作模式。 /(3/)基于上述研究结果，提出一种像平面式干涉仪与Offner系统相结合的大孔径紫外傅立叶变换成像光谱仪方案，完成了光学系统、机械系统及其配套的电路系统设计及样机装配调试。样机工作波段为250nm～400nm，干涉图空间分辨率为512×512。最小理论波数分辨率为81.3cm-1，优于于采用AOTF结构的系统。该样机在国内首次成功采集到了日盲紫外波段潜在目标原始干涉图。 /(4/)在分析时间-空调型结构的扫描原理及过程的基础上，研究了紫外波段时间-空间调制型FTIS数据处理技术，包括原始干涉图数据的重构、预处理及定标过程，获得了目标紫外波段光谱数据立方体。数据处理结果表明：目标的图像切片能清晰分辨指纹细节，可满足当前潜在目标探测的需求；目标的光谱曲线可分辨出低压汞灯及高压汞灯在253.7nm及365nm处的发射峰，可在工作波段的长波端及短波端正确采集目标光谱信息。 Latent target is a kind of invisible target on the object for examination, such as fingerprint, bodyfluid. With the advantages of fluorescence excitation and environmentaladaptability simultaneously, Ultraviolet Image Spectroscopy has shown irreplaceablefeatures in the field of latent target detection and become a current research focus. Theproblems of Ultraviolet Image Spectroscopy existed in the latent target detection field havebeen discussed in this paper. The theory and key techniques of applying Fourier transformImage Spectroscopy in such field were also studied. A design of Large Aperture UltravioletFourier Transform Imaging Spectrometer /(LAUV-FTIS/) based on image planeinterferometer and Offner system was first proposed in this paper. The prototype wasdiscussed and developed to demonstrate the research. The results in this paper not onlyprovide theoretical support for the related research work, but also made a useful explorationin engineering applications. The main work includes: /(1/) The problems of Ultraviolet image spectroscopy existed in the latent targetdetection field were analyzed. The feasibility of applying Fourier Transform ImageSpectroscopy in such field was also discussed. By studying the structures and performanceof Fourier transform imaging spectrometer /(FTIS/), the advantages of high light flux andstatic interference process which the time-spatial modulation structure has were pointed out.The overall performance was superior to the time modulation structure and the spatialmodulation structure for the particularity of working in the medium UV band /(MUV/) andnear UV band /(NUV/). /(2/) Two main kinds of the time-spatial modulation structures were introduced and theinterference process was analyzed. The non-simplified expression of Optical PathDifference /(OPD/) in Image Plane Interference Imaging Spectrometer /(IPIIS/) was first givenin this paper. The nonlinear residual of OPD both in Lateral Shear Interference ImagingSpectrometer /(LSIIS/) and IPIIS in different working modes were discussed. A new kind ofsingle-side defocus working mode in IPIIS, which has less nonlinear residual than thedouble-side defocus working mode currently used and helps to reduce spectralreconstruction error, was proposed based on the results aforementioned. /(3/) A design of large aperture Ultraviolet Fourier Transform Imaging Spectrometer/(FTIS/) based on image plane interferometer and Offner system was first proposed. The design of the optical system, mechanical system and electronic system were given and theprototype was developed successfully. The working waveband of the prototype is250nm~400nm and the interference pattern resolution is512pixels×512pixels. Thetheoretical minimum wavenumber resolution is81.3cm-1which is superior to that of theAOTF structure. For the first time the prototype collected raw interference pattern of latenttarget in solar blind UV band. /(4/) The data processing technology of time-spatial modulation FTIS in UV band hasbeen studied. Firstly, the scanning principle and process was analyzed and then thereconstruction, preprocessing and calibration of the raw interference pattern were discussedconsecutively. The spectral data cubes of the target in UV band were obtained finally. Thelatent fingerprint could be recognized clearly from the image slice which is capable to meetthe need of latent target detection. The spectral curve of the target could distinguish theemission peak at253.7nm and365nm when the low pressure and high pressure mercurylamp were used as the illuminator. Accurate spectral data of the target can be collected onthe short and long wave ends of the working band..

关 键 词： 潜在目标探测 紫外 成像光谱 傅立叶变换 时间 空间调制

分 类 号： [TH744.1]

领　　域： [机械工程] [机械工程] [机械工程]