导　　师： 夏新林;艾青

学科专业： 080701

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 哈尔滨工业大学

摘　　要： 能源是人类生存和发展的基础，是文明进步和社会发展的原动力，而太阳能是众多新能源中最容易获得和开发最早的。本文通过分析国内外先进研究成果，设计了一种带有螺旋盘管和多孔介质换热结构的吸热器，利用光学模拟软件TracePro设计一种聚光效果理想的太阳能二次聚集器，最后通过实验验证换热器的性能。 根据16碟太阳能实验台的结构尺寸，设计了太阳能二次聚集器，并模拟了存在误差的条件下，二次聚集器的聚光效果不能满足实验要求，通过改进二次聚集器的结构尺寸，得到了一种在误差存在的情况下，也能很好聚光的二次聚集器。 通过实验的方法确定了16碟太阳能聚集器焦点处的热流密度，并分别比较了带有光学窗口和二次聚集器时热流密度的差别，给出了相应的结论。 文中详细的分析了吸热器内部的换热过程，结合吸热器的简化结构模型，给出了工程计算所用到的公式和相关重要参数的求解方法。 对设计好的实验装置加工组装和实验，测量吸热器内部3个温度点的温度值，并分别对蓄热和通气两个不同阶段的温度变化给出了详细的分析，总结了实验过程中遇到的问题，并给出了进一步改进的意见。 本文的研究成果可以指导新型太阳能高效换热器的结构设计，提供理论计算、结构设计、换热效率分析的方法。 As the foundation of human existence and development, energy is the driving forcebehind the promotion of civilization and social development. With easier to access, solarenergy is the earliest renewable source developed. Based on the investigation of theadvanced researches, a volumetric porous absorber wih spiral coil was designed in thisthesis. Using optical software TracePro, we designed a secondary solar concentratorwith a high concentration ratio. Finally, the performance of the heat exchanger wasexperimentally validated. According to the structure of16-dish solar concentrator, a secondary solarconcentrator was designed and simulated with the presence of errors. Concentratingperformance of the secondary concentrator can not meet the test requirements. Anoptimum structure was obtained with adjusting the geometric parameters. The concentrating flux on the center of focal plane of16-dish solar collector wasmeasured. Comparing the heat fluxes with the optical window aggregator and with thesecond solar concentrator, some helpful conclusions were drawed. Heat transfer inside the receiver was studied with simplified model. The details ofmethod for solving equations and related important parameters used in the calculationwere discribed, and a theoretical solution was found with iterations. Temperatures of three points in the absorber were measured respectively, and adetailed analysis was done for the temperature trends for two different stages of the heataccumulation and ventilation. The problems in the experimental process were presented,some further suggestions were proposed. This study provides a theoretical method of structure design and efficiencyanalysis of the porous absorer. Some results can be used for the efficient heat exchangerdesign.

关 键 词： 太阳能 高温热转换 多孔介质 高温吸热腔

领　　域： [动力工程及工程热物理]