导　　师： 金云学

学科专业： 0805

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 江苏科技大学

摘　　要： Q345（R-HIC）钢是一种抗氢钢，主要用于制造各种压力容器。现在压力容器基本为全焊结构，焊接成为生产制造压力容器的主要工艺，但是焊接技术本身具有加热、快速冷却以及添加焊接材料的特点，使得焊接接头的组织和性能产生了不均匀性。很多压力容器的工作环境很恶劣，在硫化氢腐蚀溶液中服役，这样焊接接头就会成为薄弱环节和腐蚀失效的部位，容易发生应力腐蚀和氢致开裂。由于压力容器在硫化氢环境中发生腐蚀开裂问题日益严重，造成了很大的损失，因此研究焊接接头在湿硫化氢溶液中的应力腐蚀和氢致开裂具有很大的意义。 本文中的研究对象为Q345（R-HIC）钢，用于制造低压分离器，该低压分离器工作的环境中就有湿硫化氢溶液，其采用了五种焊接工艺，为了保证其抗腐蚀性能，防止发生安全事故，五种焊接工艺都要进行应力腐蚀和氢致开裂试验。应力腐蚀开裂试验采用GB//T4157-2006和ASTM G39-2005标准中的四点弯曲法进行试验，氢致开裂试验则按照GB//T8650-2006标准进行试验。主要的研究工作和研究结果如下： 1.首先对母材进行成分分析和性能检测，确定焊材，然后对焊材进行成分分析和性能检测，确定其焊接性能。 2.对低压分离器进行结构分析，确定焊接工艺评定的个数，编制预焊接工艺规程，对焊接试板进行力学性能试验和弯曲试验，确定预焊接工艺规程合格之后编制焊接工艺指导书。 3.根据焊接工艺指导书，焊接产品试板。对母材和产品试板的焊接接头进行金相观察，焊接接头消除了母材中的带状组织，晶粒细小，排列紧密，分布均匀。对拉伸试样断口形貌进行观察，宏观上所有试样都呈明显的杯锥形态，经扫描电镜观察，断口都是韧窝状形貌，韧窝内无夹杂物，韧窝深度较大，说明焊接接头具有很� Q345/(R-HIC/) steel is a kind of anti hydrogen steels. It is mainly used in themanufacture of pressure vessel. Now the pressure vessel is all welded structure. Weldingbecome the main process for manufacture of pressure vessels. But the welding technologywith heating, fast cooling and add the characteristics of welding materials. So themicrostructure and properties of welded joints have no uniformity. Working environment ofa lot of pressure vessel is very bad. It work in the hydrogen sulfide corrosion solution. Sowelded joint will become the weak link and corrosion parts. It prone to stress corrosion andhydrogen induced cracking. Because the problem of pressure vessel corrosion cracking inH2S environment become increasingly serious, and caused a great loss. So research stresscorrosion and hydrogen cracking of welded joints in wet H2S solution has greatsignificance. Object of study in this article is Q345/(R-HIC/) steel. It is used in themanufacture of low pressure separator. The low separator working environment in wet H2Ssolution. It use of five kinds of welding process. In order to ensure its corrosion resistanceproperties and prevent the occurrence of safety accidents. Five kinds of welding process tobe tested for stress corrosion and hydrogen. Stress corrosion cracking test using four pointbending method of GB//T4157-2006and ASTM in the G39-2005Standard. Hydrogeninduced Cracking test in accordance with GB//T8650-2006standard. The main researchwork and results are as follow. 1. The first is component analysis and performance test of base metal，judge weldingperformance and select welding material. Then conduct component analysis andperformance test for welding material. 2. Analyzing the structure of low pressure separator. To determine the number ofwelding procedure qualification. Organization pre welding process specification. Conductthe mechanical performance test and bending test for welding test plate. 3. According to the welding process, welding test plate. Through metallographicobservation on we

关 键 词： 钢 焊接接头 氢致开裂 应力腐蚀 焊接工艺

领　　域： [金属学及工艺]