导　　师： 李向东

学科专业： 083001

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中国矿业大学

摘　　要： 伴随着我国煤层气产业的不断发展，煤层气开采过程中的重要副产品—煤层气产出水的处置问题亟待解决。本文通过对山西晋城沁水盆地柿庄南煤层气产区采集的36个水样和60个土壤样品的分析以及室内土柱模拟长期灌溉实验，研究了煤层气产出水灌溉对土壤环境的影响；同时进行煤层气产出水灌溉对蔬菜影响的初步研究，得到以下结论： （1）研究区煤层气产出水水型以Na-Cl和Na-HCO3型为主，以高盐高矿化度为主要特征。产出水pH值介于8.30～8.89之间，碱度449.36-1094.26mg//L，电导率（EC）在1103-4109μs//cm之间，全盐量（TDS）含量860-3830mg//L。 （2）长期灌溉煤层气产出水后，土壤的理化性质受到一定的影响，主要表现为盐碱度变大。研究区产出水排水口土壤pH、SAR和EC普遍高于周边农田，最高值分别达10.78，15.3mmol1//2//L1//2和4708μs//cm。 （3）室内土柱模拟灌溉试验后，0-40cm层土壤pH、SAR和EC增幅度最大，受影响最严重的A土柱最大pH达9.12，SAR为19.8mmol1//2L-1//2，EC为6087μs//cm；土壤含水率增加幅度C（淡水灌溉）＞D（煤层气产出水Ⅰ和淡水交替灌溉）＞B（煤层气产出水Ⅱ灌溉）＞A（煤层气产出水Ⅰ灌溉）。 （4）煤层气产出水灌溉作物后，会对作物的生长产生一定的影响，主要表现为叶绿素合成受阻，种子萌发率和作物产量降低，和对F元素的积累。产出水灌溉的A、C区白菜鲜重平均值较淡水灌溉区E分别下降62.7/%和29.2/%；F元素含量分别增加22.2/%和15.1/%。配合淡水淋洗可以有效缓解产出水对作物的不利影响，B、D区白菜产量较A、C区分别增长41/%和25/%， F元素含量分别减少8.2/%和12.0/%。 With the development of coal bed methane（CBM） industry in China，disposal of CBMwater, which is an important byproduct of CBM exploitation is urgently need to be solved.Thisarticle studies the effects on soil which irrigated CBM water by analyzing the physicochemicalproperties of36water samples and60soil samples in Qinshui Basin, ShanXi province.We alsosimulated the irrigationby using soil pillar in labfor further study. As well as discussing thefeasibility of using CBM water for irrigation use by irrigation experiment. Final conclusions: /(1/) The CBM water which water type in study area is Na+-Cl-and//or Na+-HCO3-are kind ofbasic, high salinity and fluoride: The value of pH distributed between8.30to8.89, EC variedfrom1103to4109μs//cm, TDS varied from860to3830mg//L and the alkalinity is between449.36to1094.26mg//L. Fluorid in CBM water is varied from8.11to12.34mg//L. /(2/) Salinity-alkalinity of soils is creased by irrigatingCBM water. The drain soils had higherpH, SAR and ECvalues than the around farmland, and the maxmum of pH, SAR and ECarerespectively10.78，15.3mmol1//2//L1//2and4708μs//cm. /(3/)Simulations showed that pH, SAR and EC values of the0-40cm top soils made thelargest increases,soils in pillar A is the worst affected by irrigating CBM water, and pH, SAR andEC values are9.12,19.8mmol1//2L-1//2and6087μs//cmrespectively in0-40cmtopsoil.Sorting themoisture content of the four soil columns, we can get that C/(irrigated by fresh water/)＞D/(irrigated by fresh water and CBM waterⅠ/)＞B/(irrigated by CBM water Ⅱ/)＞A /(irrigated byfresh water and CBM water Ⅱ/). /(4/) Irrigating CBM water may inhibit plant growth, such as decreasing germination rate,chlorophyll and crop yields, as well as enrichment fluoride. Fresh weight of the cabbage in blockA and block C are parted reduced162.7/%and29.2/%, however F content is respectivelyexceeding22.2/%and15.1/%.Using leaching method will greatly reduce the damage, for examplegrowth of cabbage which is alternate irrigated by fresh water an

关 键 词： 煤层气产出水 土壤 作物 灌溉

领　　域： [环境科学与工程] [环境科学与工程]