导　　师： 郑超

学科专业： 050211

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广东外语外贸大学

摘　　要： 本论文通过实验对中国英语学习者习失空主语的情况进行了研究。汉语通常被认为是一种空主语语言。不同于其他一些具有丰富屈折变化的空主语语言，汉语缺乏形态变化。因此，许多汉语空主语的解释依赖于语境。脱离了恰当的语境，空主语句子可能在意思上不能理解或者出现含糊。除了存在于某些单IP句和嵌入句中，汉语空主语更频繁地是出现在主题链中。主题链是汉语句法中的基本单位，相当于英文中的句子。 在对汉语空主语分布作出分析的基础上，本研究的重点是在汉语主题链中使用的空主语的习失。依据空主语指代位置的不同，讨论了五种情况，分别是：承前宾语省略，承前定语省略，承前宾语从句中的主语省略，承前兼语省略和承前整句省略。研究的目的在于找出汉语空主语的这种指代关系会否影响中国英语学习者对带空主语的英语句子正误的判断。 试验结果显示，不管是哪种指代关系，都对受试的判断没有影响。中国学习者判断一个英语句子是不是合乎语法，考虑的是句法因素，而不是语用因素。不过就话语层次而言，他们的接受性判断能力与语法性判断能力在发展上有区别。随着学习者水平的提高，他们也会较多注意语用因素，对一些句子作出“不合语法但可以接受”的判断。 This thesis examines the unlearning of null subjects in Chinese speakers’acquisition of L2English. Chinese is generally considered to be a null-subjectlanguage. Distinct from some other null-subject languages with rich inflections,Chinese lacks morphological changes. Thus the interpretation of many Chinese nullsubjects relies on the context; without appropriate context a Chinese sentence withnull subject may be incomprehensible or ambiguous in meaning. Besides limitedtypes of single sentences and embedded sentences, Chinese null subjects appearmore frequently in the topic chain, which is the basic unit of syntax in Chinese,compared with sentences in English. Based on an analysis of the distribution of Chinese null subjects, the presentstudy focuses on the null subjects used in topic chains. Five situations are discussedin which the null subject refers to different constituents of the preceding clause in thesame topic chain. The situations are: null subject referring to the object of thepreceding clause, null subject referring to the attributive of the preceding clause, nullsubject referring to the subject of an objective clause of the preceding clause, nullsubject referring to the object of a pivotal construction of the preceding clause, nullsubject referring to the preceding whole sentence. The purpose of the study is to findout whether such referential relations would influence the Chinese learners’judgment in rejecting null subject in English sentences. The test results show that none of the five kinds of referential relations hasinfluence on the Chinese learners’ judgments. The Chinese students rely onsyntactical rather than pragmatic factors in judging the grammaticality of an Englishsentence. However, their sense of acceptance seems independent in their L2development at the discourse level. As the students’ English proficiency increases, they tend to rely more on pragmatic factors and judge some sentences to be‘ungrammatical but acceptable’.

关 键 词： 空主语 话题链 零回指 习失 迁移 二语习得

分 类 号： [H319]

领　　域： [语言文字]