导　　师： 徐海

学科专业： 050211

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广东外语外贸大学

摘　　要： 英语结果构式是由具有家族相似性的多个子类型构成的一类构式。它本身不带有任何明显的形式标志，各个子类型共享核心意义“某个论元因某个动作而发生了某种状态或位置的变化”。该构式形式多样，意义复杂，是二语学习者习得的难点。英语学习词典作为中国英语学习者学习英语的重要参考工具，理应充分考虑此类构式的相关特点，根据中国英语学习者的实际需求合理地呈现此类构式。然而，目前市场上流行的英语学习词典缺乏对此类构式的关注，难以满足中国英语学习者对此类构式的需求。因此，充分考虑学习者的习得需求，改进学习词典对这一类构式的呈现方式很有必要。 本文首先分析了英语结果构式的类型、句法语义特点以及语义语用限制条件。然后，设计了语法判断测试和汉英翻译测试以查明中国英语学习者在习得该构式时存在的困难。其次，针对中国英语学习者在习得过程中存在的主要困难，对五本主流英语学习词典中此类构式的呈现信息进行了深入详尽的分析，揭示了当前主流英语学习词典在呈现这一类构式中存在的不足和缺陷。最后，在构式语法和多维释义理论的指导下，提出了呈现该构式的优化方案，并给出了具体的范例。 研究发现： 1）中国英语学习者在习得不同类型的英语结果构式时，存在着不同程度的困难。确切地说，对于中国英语学习者而言，选择的路径（位置）结果构式和不及物路径（位置）结果构式是两类比较容易理解和生成的结果构式；而非选择的路径（位置）结果构式和非选择的性状（状态）结果构式是两类最难理解和生成的结果构式。与英语初级学习者相比，英语高级学习者能够较好的习得英语结果构式。这可能是因为英语学习者在学习过程中接触此类构式较少，存在着输入不足；此外，教师、教材以及词典等参考工具对此类构式不够重视，忽略了此类构式的相关用法和重要性。 2）五大主流英语学习词典对该构式的呈现存在严重不足，大部分词典对该类构式的收录数量过少，没有呈现典型的英语结果构式。大部分词典只关注动词义而忽略了构式义，未能充分体现该构式的构式意义以及选择限制条件；此外，词典对同一类结果构式的呈现缺乏系统性和统一性。 3）在构式语法和多维释义理论的指导下，本文分别从词典的宏观结构、微观结构以及中观结构三个方面，提出了英语结果构式在学习词典中呈现的改进模式和准则，并针对不同类型的英语结果构式，给出了具体的例子。 The English resultative construction /(RC/) is a family of construction consistingof many subtypes which bear no overt mark and share the common core meaning thatthey describe the final result of an argument achieved by the action denoted by themain verb. This construction varies greatly in form, and it is a very difficultconstruction for Chinese EFL learners to acquire. As an important reference tool,English learner’s dictionaries /(ELDs/) are supposed to take users’ need intoconsideration and fully represent this construction. However, it was found that thecurrent leading ELDs have considerable deficiencies in dealing with this constructionand cannot meet Chinese EFL learners’ requirements well. Therefore, it is essential toconsider improving the treatment of this construction in ELDs in order to serve usersbetter. This thesis first analyzed the classification, the syntactic and semantic features ofthe English RC, and semantic and pragmatic constraints imposed on this construction.Then, an empirical study, including a grammaticality judgment test and aChinese-English translation test, was carried out among Chinese EFL learners toexplore what difficulties they have in acquiring this construction. Based on theresearch results, an investigation into the treatment of the four difficult subtypes infive current leading ELDs was conducted, and it revealed the deficiencies of therepresentation of this construction in current ELDs. In order to address this problem, atentative optimized representation model was proposed under the guidance ofconstruction grammar and multi-dimensional definition theory /(MDT/), and severalexamples are given to illustrate the model. Major findings in this thesis can be summarized as follows:1/) Chinese EFLlearners vary in their comprehension or production of different subtypes of Englishresultatives. To be more specific, selected transitive path resultatives and intransitivepath resultatives are the easiest subtypes for Chinese EFL learners to comprehend orproduce while unselected transitive property resultatives and unselected transitive path resultatives are the most difficult ones. In addition, Chinese EFL learners withhigh English proficiency perform much better and are able to accept or produce moreEnglish resultatives than those with low English proficiency. This may be becauseinput on this construction in the learning and teaching process is insufficient, andteachers, textbooks and dictionaries fail to pay enough attention to this construction.2/)The representation of this construction in the five current leading ELDs is deficient.Most of them only include a small part of the English RC and fail to fully representtypical structures. In most ELDs, they focus only on the verbs and ignore theimportance of the structure as a unified construction. They fail to show theconstructional meaning and semantic constraints of the English RC. In addition, thetreatment of structures of the same subtype is unsystematic.3/) The study proposed atentative optimized representation model of the English RC on the basis ofconstruction grammar and MDT. Representation principles in macrostructure,microstructure and mediostructure were put forward to guide the treatment of theEnglish RC in ELDs. Based on these theories and principles, representation modulesfor instances of each subtype of the English RC were designed in order to better serveusers.

关 键 词： 英语结果构式 构式语法 多维释义理论 英语学习词典

分 类 号： [H319]

领　　域： [语言文字]