导　　师： 田银生

学科专业： 0813

授予学位： 博士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学

摘　　要： 本文选取经济实力与城镇建设在全国均较领先的广东省佛山市顺德区为例,运用城市形态学的相关理论与方法,对顺德的10个镇/(街/)自1978年改革开放以来,至2010年期间形态演变历程进行系统的分析,并揭示其从宏观到微观的形态变化与社会制度改革、工业化进程、技术进步及价值观念转变等方面的相互关系。目的是要归纳总结出经济较发达地区小城镇形态演变的一般规律和动力机制。 本文共分7章。 第一章绪论,主要分析了小城镇在中国城镇化进程中的重要价值及其所面临的重重困难；归纳梳理了中、西方城市形态学的研究方法与理论,尤其是在运用这些理论研究中国的小城镇形态时所遇到的问题。在此基础上得出本文的研究框架与方法。第二、三章是顺德城镇发展的背景研究。第二章分析了顺德聚落兴起的原因和最初的形态特征,为此后考察顺德的空间演变提供了原形,同时指出自然环境对塑造城镇形态起到了重要的作用。第三章着眼于建国后实施计划经济的30多年,顺德城镇从圩市到现代城镇的转型过程,阐述计划经济体制和工业化优先政策对小城镇发展的抑制作用。第四、五、六章是论文的核心部分,分别论述了3个不同社会、经济发展阶段中,顺德城镇从区域整体到微观地块的演变过程,以及相关因素对空间形态的作用机制。第一阶段从1978-1991年,经济体制刚刚从计划转变为市场,乡镇企业异军突起,顺德城镇的空间形态却呈现出滞后发展的特征；第二阶段从1992-2002年,多项社会制度和工业化模式正处于进一步变革与转型中,恰逢顺德撤县建市,城镇空间则以高度混合的方式不断扩张；第三阶段从2003-2010年,改革进入到深化阶段,顺德被再次调整为区级行政单位,城镇形态逐步从粗放分散走向优化集约。第七章梳理了顺德城镇形态的整个演变过程及主要特征,是对前面各章内容的归纳与提炼。包括了区域整体空间从散点圈层到轴向蔓延再到面域连接；城镇从依附于河网水系转向以陆上交通网络为形态的基本框架,形成干道+细胞体的基本组合型结构；镇区从盲目扩张转向内部结构优化,城乡空间界线不断趋向模糊；生产空间从混合到游离再到聚集,并从沿河布局为主,转向水、陆兼顾的分布；生活空间则呈现由低到高、由合到分的变化过程。 通过系统地分析和论证,本文认为：自下而上的村镇工业化是推进顺德城镇形态演变的核心动力；自上而下的制度改革则为其提供了必要的条件与支撑；水系和陆上交通干道分别为不同时期顺德的社会经济与形态发展创造了物质基础；顺德居住模式的变化,土地利用的多元混合,以及城镇风貌特色,都与当地人的思想观念与生活习惯息息相关。 By utilizing the related theory and method in urban morphology, this thesis systematicanalyzes the form transformation of the10small towns in Shunde District of Guangdongprovince Foshan City, from the beginning of the reform and opening to the outside world in1978to2010, when it's economic strength and urbanization were the leading in the country. Italso reveals the relationship between the town's morphology transformation from the overallregional to microscopic, with the social systems, industrialization, technology progress,changing values, and so on. The purpose of this thesis is to summarize the law andmechanisms in the morphology transformation of small town in the developed area. This thesis is divided into7chapters. Chapter1is the introduction, in which it analyzes the important value and the difficultyof small towns in the process of Chinese urbanization; reviews the urban morphologymethods and theories, especially what we will face to different problems in studding Chinesesmall towns' morphology by using those. Based on this, I get the research framework andmethods in this thesis. Chapter2and3are the background research in the Shunde. Chapter2studies the emergence and the initial form of the settlements in Shunde, which providesoriginal shape for the latter research. Moreover, it points out the natural environment played asignificant role for the form of the towns. Chapter3focus on the process, in which Shunde'straditional markets transformed to the modern towns during those30years of thecommanding economy. It elaborates how the commanding economy system and industrialpreference programmers constrained the urbanization of small towns. Chapter45and6arethe core of this paper. The evolution process which includes the whole district and themicrocosmic plan unit of Shunde, during the different3periods, and the mechanisms ofrelative factors on the spatial morphology are under discussion in these chapters. Chapter7concludes the whole process of morphology transformation in Shunde, which including: thewhole area changes from scattered and surrounded points to axial spread, and then to surfaceexpansion; morphology frame of those towns once depended on the river net changes to referitself to the land transport network now, and finally combined into main roads+cell body; thetowns' development changes from blindly sprawling to optimize and upgrade inside; the boundary between the city and the rural becomes unclear; the industrial land changes not onlyfrom mixed to dissociative and then to congregating, but also from arranging by the riversideto accounting both the ground and water transportation; the function of living space changesfrom mixed to separation, and the skyline changes from low to high. Finally, based on the analysis of the relationship and mechanisms between themorphology transformation with system physical and spirit planes, the paper concludes: thebottom-up industrialization from villages and towns is core power pushing the morphologyforward; the top-down system reform provides the necessary conditions and support to thetransformation; both river and ground transportation create the material basis for Shunde'scommunity economy and morphology transformation at different phases; the living spacialmode, the multivariate and mixed land-use, and the unique townscape of Shunde are closelylinked to the local people's ideas and habits.

关 键 词： 顺德 小城镇 城市形态 城镇化 演变机制

分 类 号： [TU984.113]

领　　域： [建筑科学]