导　　师： 周瑞琪

学科专业： 050201

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广东外语外贸大学

摘　　要： 本论文以海兰德元话语人际模式分类为理论依据，以《纽约时报》经济新闻评论文章为语料，应用修辞学三种劝说模式作为分析框架，分析了元话语是如何帮助实现经济新闻评论文章的劝说功能。 本文在结合了前人提出的具有代表性的元话语定义和分类基础上，结合经济新闻评论文章，将海兰德元话语人际模式中的元话语重新分为三类，即篇章组织元话语，体现作者存在的元话语和体现读者存在的元话语。其中，海兰德元话语人际模式中的互动元话语均属于篇章组织元话语，包括过渡标记，框架标记，回指标记，言据标记以及语码注释语。体现作者存在的元话语包括模糊语，增强语，态度标记和自称语。介入标记属于体现读者存在的元话语。 说理，气质，以及动情是实现劝说功能的三种方式。说理即理性诉诸，它关注语篇本身。气质即人格诉诸，通过建立说话人的诚信度和权威性来实现。动情即情感诉诸，通过促进读者的参与，激发读者的情感来实现。 通过对语篇中元话语的标记，本文发现各种元话语都被使用。过渡标记（and,but, moreover, in addition, while, in contrast）表现句子之间的连接关系；框架标记（first, second, what I am talking is, want to, well）表明语篇的边界；回指标记（asI said, as I said before）标示语篇中其他部分的内容；言据标记（according to X, Xsaid）标示观点来源；语码注释语（for example, like, which means that）解释已表达观点；模糊语（would, might, perhaps, almost）和增强语（indeed, certainly, ofcourse, in effect）表明作者对观点的肯定程度；态度标记（unfortunately,astonishingly, remarkable）表明作者的态度；自称语（I, my）表明作者的存在；介入标记语（you, we, imagine, consider, questions）体现作者与读者的互动。 在此基础上，本人对文章中出现的元话语进行定量分析。分析结果表明，尽管各种元话语均有使用，但是它们的使用频率却各不相同。使用频率较高的是过渡标记（31.8/%），介入标记（20.6/%），增强语（12.2/%），模糊语（12.0/%），然后是语码注释语（10.8/%），态度标记（3.9/%），自称语（3.6/%），框架标记（2.6/%），言据标记（2.4/%）以及回指标记（0.1/%）。 结合定量分析结果，本文在定性分析中从三种劝说模式，即理性诉诸，人格诉诸和情感诉诸来分析各种元话语是如何实现劝说功能。本文发现，元话语在经济评论语篇中帮助实现劝说功能起到了重要作用。篇章组织元话语，即过渡标记，框架标记，回指标记，言据标记以及语码注释语，通过组织具有逻辑，连贯，合理的语篇从而帮助实现理性诉诸。增强语，模糊语，自称语以及言据标记帮助建立一个自信，可靠，有责任的人物形象从而实现人格诉诸。介入标记和态度标记使读者参与到语篇中从而实现情感诉诸。 The present study, adopting Hyland’s interpersonal model of metadiscourse asthe theoretical basis and taking the three modes of persuasion as the analysisframework, makes an analysis of how metadiscourse helps realize persuasion ineconomic news opinion from New York Times. On the basis of earlier definitions and classifications of metadiscourse andconsidering the characteristics of economic news opinion and the connection betweenthe writer, the reader and the text, the author reclassifies metadiscourse into threecategories, namely, text-organizing metadiscourse, writer-present metadiscourse andreader-present metadiscourse. Text-organizing metadiscourse includes transitions,frame markers, endophoric markers, evidentials and code glosses, which signals thestructural links between different arguments. Writer-present metadiscourse shows thewriter’s presence in the text including hedges, boosters, attitude markers and selfmentions. Reader-present metadiscourse includes engagement markers which indicatethe reader’s presence. Logos, ethos, and pathos are three means to realize persuasion. Logos is logicalappeals, which concerns the proposition of the text. Ethos, which relates to credibleappeals, is realized by building a credible, confident and authoritative image. Pathosmeans affective appeals and is realized by involving readers into the text andpromoting their affective feelings. Through the identification of metadiscourse markers in economic news opinion, itis found that all subcategories of metadiscourse are used by the writer. The examples oftransitions including and, but, moreover, in addition, while, in contrast show theconnection between arguments. Frame markers include first, second, what I amtalking is, want to, well which are used to sequence arguments, label stages andannounce goals. Endophoric markers are as I said, as I said before referring to earlierarguments. Such items as according to X, X said are counted as evidentials which tell the source of certain arguments. Code glosses which explain and paraphrase what hasbeen said include for example, like, which means that and so on. Hedges /(would,might, perhaps, almost/) and boosters /(indeed, certainly, of course, in effect/) indicatethe degree of certainty or commitment to arguments. Attitude markers such asunfortunately, astonishingly, remarkable show the writer’s affective attitude. Selfmentions signaling the explicit presence of the writer are expressed by I, and my, etc.Engagement markers include you, we, imagine, consider, questions and so on. The present study then makes the quantitative analysis. And the results show thatthough each subcategory of metadiscourse is used, its frequency is different. The mostfrequently used metadiscourse markers are transitions /(31.8/%/), engagement markers/(20.6/%/), boosters /(12.2/%/) and hedges /(12.0/%/) followed by code glosses /(10.8/%/),attitude markers /(3.9/%/), self mentions /(3.6/%/), frame markers /(2.6/%/), evidentials/(2.4/%/) and endophoric markers /(0.1/%/). Based on the results of quantitative analysis, the present study makes thequalitative study to see how each subcategory helps realize persuasion through meansof logos, pathos and ethos. The qualitative study finds that each subcategory ofmetadiscourse markers plays an important role in helping achieve persuasion ineconomic news opinion. To put it more specifically, transitions, frame markers,endophoric markers, evidentials and code glosses which belong to text-organizingmetadiscourse aiming to link arguments, help the reader to understand the text in alogical, coherent, and reasonable way so as to achieve logical appeals. Hedges,boosters, self mentions as well as evidentials function to achieve credible appeals bycreating a confident, credible, and responsible image. At last, attitude markerstogether with engagement markers help realize affective appeals by involving thereader into the text as participants.

关 键 词： 元话语 劝说 经济新闻评论

分 类 号： [H313]

领　　域： [语言文字]