导　　师： 陈万灵

学科专业： 020206

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广东外语外贸大学

摘　　要： 改革开放以来，我国对外贸易特别是加工贸易获得了快速的发展。与此同时，不容忽视的另一个现象是，我国要素市场的市场化改革进程并没有跟上产品市场的市场化改革进程，地方市场分割等因素导致了我国要素市场仍然存在着较为严重的扭曲情况。实际上，作为位于全球价值链低端环节的贸易形式，加工贸易的发展和要素市场的扭曲之间存在着密切的联系。 本文对我国各地区要素市场扭曲的状况进行了测度，进而探讨了要素市场扭曲对我国加工贸易发展的影响。研究结果表明，我国要素市场的扭曲一方面促进了加工贸易的规模化发展，另一方面却抑制了加工贸易增值率的提升，形成了低端“锁定”效应和“贫困化增长”的局面。其中，金融市场扭曲对加工贸易的发展规模发挥着正向的激励作用，而劳动力市场的扭曲对加工贸易发展规模的影响则是倒U形的；同时，金融市场扭曲对加工贸易的优化升级产生了抑制作用，劳动力市场扭曲对加工贸易增值率的影响则表现出了U形的特征。此外，分组回归和聚类分析的结果表明，由于我国区域间经济发展的差异较大，不同区域间要素市场扭曲的状况及其对加工贸易发展的影响程度是有所不同的。 在当前全球经济形势不容乐观、需求不振的情况下，加工贸易企业也面临着巨大的生存压力，亟待通过优化升级来提升自身的竞争实力，实现新的利润增长点。为此，政府应当积极采取措施，推动各类要素市场的市场化改革进程，通过营造更为健全的知识产权保护环境和更为公平的信贷融资市场等方式，为加工贸易企业的优化升级创造更为良好的要素市场环境。 Since the reform and opening up, China's foreign trade, especially processing tradehas gained rapid development. At the same time, another obvious phenomenon is thatfactor market has not kept pace with the product market in the market-oriented reform.Factors like local market segmentation lead to serious distortions of the factor market.In fact, as a low-end link in the global value chain, processing trade has a close linkwith factor market distortions. This dissertation discusses the impact of factor market distortions on the developmentof China's processing trade, since there is a close link between them. Empirical testresults show that the distortions in factor market not only stimulate the motivation ofthe enterprises engaged in processing trade, but also inhibit the enhancement of thevalue-added rate of processing trade. Such a relationship between factor marketdistortions and processing trade leads to the formation of a low-end "lock in" effectand "pauperization growth" situation. Specifically, Financial market distortions playsa positive incentive effect on the scale of the development of processing trade, whilethe impact of labor market distortions is inverted U-shaped. At the same time,financial market distortions inhibit the transformation and upgrading of processingtrade, while the impact of labor market distortions shows a U-shaped feature. Inaddition, the results of grouping and cluster analysis show that the impacts of factormarket distortions on the development of processing trade are not exactly the samebetween different regions due to the differences of regional economic development. Processing trade enterprises are facing tremendous pressure to survive in the financialcrises. They are urgent to enhance their competitive strength through thetransformation and upgrading. To this end, the government should take activemeasures to promote market-oriented reform process of the factor market. By creatinga more robust intellectual property protection environment, a more equitable financingof credit market and other solutions, the government can make a better factor marketfor the transformation and upgrading of processing trade enterprises.

关 键 词： 增值率 要素市场扭曲 加工贸易

分 类 号： [F752.68]

领　　域： [经济管理] [经济管理]