导　　师： 叶代勇

学科专业： 081701

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学

摘　　要： 本论文采用溶解再生法及微乳液法将植物纤维制备成溶胶及其纳米颗粒，并将植物纤维溶胶应用于微生物燃料电池。 在研究溶解再生法制备纳米植物纤维的实验结果表明：当溶解温度为70℃，料液比为1︰20，LiCl在DMSO中的质量分数为10/%时杨木粉溶解率最大；再生转速为2000r//min，CMC对木粉的质量比为1︰100时再生悬浮液的粒径最小。分析结果表明该条件下制备的植物纤维组分基本保持不变，粒径在10-50纳米之间，且大小分布均一，彼此间相互分离，比表面积明显增大，颗粒热稳定性降低，具较高的可及性和反应活性。 在研究微乳液法制备纳米植物纤维微乳液的实验结果表明：乳化剂OP~/(-1/)0形成的微乳液具有较好的分散性、稳定性，添加量占溶液比例为2/%～3/%，再生的水浴温度控制在25～50℃时，可以得到性能较好的微乳液。研究了植物纤维的再生机理，实验中发现：植物纤维在水中通过氢键重新团聚并再生，在乳化剂的作用下植物纤维团聚到一定大小后，微乳液界面强度逐渐变大，再生植物纤维的团聚因此受到限制，直到复合界面膜稳定。机械搅拌和超声分散作用将植物纤维进一步分割在较小的稳固液滴中，最后形成尺寸较小的植物纤维微乳液。 在研究植物纤维溶胶为底物的MFC产电性能的试验结果表明：植物纤维溶胶MFC电池性能较原木粉MFC有极大提高，电池输出电压可达到513mV，阳极区缓冲溶液和阴极区K/_3Fe/(CN/)/_6浓度的增加可提高电能的输出及植物纤维的降解能力，且在200mmol·L~/(-1/)的PBS和5.0g//L的K/_3Fe/(CN/)/_6下最大功率密度可达到425mW·m~/(-2/)，库仑效率为49.71/%。 The dissolution method and micro-emulsion method were used to prepare soland nano particles using the plant lignocelluloses as the raw materials. The plantlignocelluloses were applied to the microbial fuel cells. The preparation of nano lignocelluloses using the dissolution method was studied.It showed that the dissolving rate of Cypress wood powder was the best and thelignocelluloses content was the largest when the dissolving temperature was70℃;;thematerial liquid ratio was1︰20;;and the mass fraction of LiCl in the DMSO was10/%.The particle size of regenerated suspension was the smallest when the stirring ratewas2000r//min;;and the ratio of CMC to the wood powder was1︰100. Theexperimental results showed that the component of plant lignocelluloses wasunchanged and invariant composition in the studied experimental conditions;;theparticle size was between10and50nm;;the particle size distribution was uniform;;and the particles were separated from each other. The characterization showed that thesurface area was enlarged significantly;;the thermal stability was reduced;;and it had ahigher accessibility and reactivity. The preparation of nano lignocelluloses using the micro-emulsion method wasstudied. The results showed that the micro-emulsion method made with the emulsifierOP~/(-1/)0had very good dispersity and stability. The micro-emulsion could be wellprepared when the additive amount was2/%～3/%;;the regeneration water bathtemperature was25～50℃. Theregeneration mechanism of plant lignocelluloses wasstudied. The plant lignocelluloses reunited and regenerated through hydrogen bondingin the water. With the help of the effect of emulsifying agent;;the micro-emulsioninterface strength was increased gradually when the plant lignocelluloses united to acertain size;;because the reunion of regenerated lignocelluloses was limited until theinterface of composite membrane was stabled. The mechanical stirring and ultrasonicdispersion will further divide and separate plant lignocelluloses into smaller steadydroplet. Thus;;the smaller plant lignocelluloses micro-emulsion of nano size or micro size was formed eventually. The production performance of MFC using the plant lignocelluloses sol as theraw substrates was studied. The results showed that the plant lignocelluloses sol’sMFC battery performance had a great improvement than the wood powder MFC. Thebattery output voltage could reach513mV. The output of the power and thedegradation of plant lignocelluloses could be increased when the anode buffersolution and cathode areas K/_3Fe/(CN/)/_6concentration was increased. The maximumpower density could reach425mW m~/(-2/)and the coulomb efficiency could reach49.71/%when the concentration of PBS was200mmol L~/(-1/)and the concentration ofK/_3Fe/(CN/)/_6was5.0g//L.

关 键 词： 植物纤维 溶解再生 微乳液 微生物燃料电池

分 类 号： [TM911.4]

领　　域： [电气工程]