导　　师： 党志;牟德海

学科专业： 083002

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学

摘　　要： 多环芳烃多数具有毒性，对微生物的生长会产生抑制作用，所以直接在含多环芳烃的环境中投加降解菌种，会降低菌种的活性，导致降解效果较差。然而，微生物经固定化处理后，对有毒害物质的承受能力增强，能保证其活性受到较小的影响。包埋法具有操作简单、能保持微生物细胞的多酶体系、对微生物活性影响较小等特点，是固定化微生物最常用的方法，其制造出来的产品常见为固定化小球。但是，考虑到固定化小球的机械强度不够等原因，进行强曝气时，会造成小球之间摩擦碰撞而耗损掉，而且固定化小球较难大批量制作，造成难于工程化应用。为了解决这一问题，本论文以菲降解菌（GY2B）为固定化微生物，采用刮膜的方式进行包埋固定化，然后应用于含菲废水的处理，并对其降解效果进行分析研究。 为了制得合适的固定化膜片，本论文开展了如下研究：（1）固定化膜片配方主体材料的选择；（2）固定化膜片主体材料的基本配比；（3）网格材料与主体材料的结合性实验；（4）固定化膜片的制备及其性能检测；（5）固定化膜片降解菲的小试实验。 经过系列实验研究分析后，得出固定化膜片配方的主体材料应为海藻酸钠与聚乙烯醇混合物，其基本配比为：海藻酸钠应选2/%~4/%，聚乙烯醇应选1/%~3/%；网格材料的性质与主体材料的结合能力几乎无关；固定化膜片较优的配方：聚乙烯醇2/%、海藻酸钠3/%、活性炭3/%、饱和硼酸溶液中氯化钙的浓度2/%、交联时间16h、膜片厚度1mm、菌液量7mL。 在自制的序批式反应器中，空气流量为15L//h，水的温度、溶解氧和酸碱度合适的情况下，证明了固定化膜片能保持GY2B的活性，促进其生长，提高菲降解率。当GY2B大量生长时，需要增加微量元素，如MSM培养基，以免制约细菌的生长，降低了菲降解率。 For most of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons /(PAHs/) have toxic, it can restrainmicroorganisms grow. If directly add degrading bacteria to the environment containing PAHswill reduce the activity of the bacteria, and degradation less effective. However, themicroorganisms enhance the endurance of toxic and hazardous substances after immobilized,and the microorganism’s activity less affected. Embedding method is the most commonlyused method of microorganisms immobilized, it has characteristics of simple operation, lessimpact on the microorganism’s activity, and can maintain the multi-enzyme system of themicrobial cells, and its common products manufactured is immobilized pellets. Consideringthe immobilized pellets aerated strongly will cause friction and collision between the pelletsand wear out for insufficient mechanical intensity and other reasons, more over theimmobilized pellets are difficult to mass-produced, resulting in difficult to engineeringapplications. In order to solve this problem, this thesis used phenanthrene-degrading bacteria/(GY2B/) as immobilized microorganisms, adopted embedding immobilized method ofscraping membrane, and then applied to the degradation of the phenanthrene wastewaterconfected in laboratory and researched the degradation at last. In order to obtain suitable immobilized membrane, this thesis carried out the followingstudies:/(1/) the choice of main materials of immobilized membrane’s formulations;/(2/) thebasic ratio of the immobilized membrane’s main materials;/(3/) the binding experiment of themesh materials with the main materials;/(4/) the test of the immobilized membrane’smanufacture and performance;/(5/) carried out small scale experiments of the immobilizedmembrane degraded phenanthrene. After a series of experimental research and analysis, we obtained a mixture of sodiumalginate and polyvinyl alcohol as the main material, and the basic ratio:2/%to4/%sodiumalginate should be selected; polyvinyl alcohol should be chosen small amount of3/%. Thebinding performance depends on the formula, instead of the mesh material.The immobilizedmembrane optimum formula:2/%polyvinyl alcohol,3/%sodium alginate,3/%active carbon,2/%of the concentration of calcium chloride in saturated boric acid solution,16h crosslinkingtime,1mm thickness of the membrane and7mL biomass. In the home-made sequencing batch reactor, with the air flow was15L//h, and under thesuitable conditions of the water temperature, the DO and the pH value, we can prove theimmobilized membrane promote GY2B bacteria grow, improve phenanthrene-degradationrate. When the GY2B bacteria massively grow, need to increase the trace elements, such asMSM medium, so as not to restrict the growth of bacteria and reduce the degradation rate ofthe phenanthrene.

关 键 词： 多环芳烃 细菌固定化膜片 菲

分 类 号： [X172]

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]