导　　师： 赵志斌

学科专业： 080904

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华北电力大学

摘　　要： 雷电定位系统,为电力系统的雷电防护提供了很好的基础平台与数据支持。作为雷电定位系统的重要组成之一的探测站,一般布置于城市中,以便于对其供电和进行各项调试维护。但是,城市中的建筑物都是钢筋混凝土结构,其中含有大量钢筋网格,当雷电回击发生时,由于其强大的电流存在,建筑物中的钢筋会发生静电感应和电磁感应,从而导致雷电电磁场信号在传播过程中发生畸变。当使用受到干扰的雷电电磁场信号进行雷电流反演时,由于原始数据的误差,将导致雷电流幅值不准确；当使用此信号进行雷电定位时,根据定向法的相关原理,必然对定位精度产生影响。因此,分析研究建筑物对雷电电磁场信号空间传播的影响至关重要。 本文基于雷电回击的传输线模型和雷电回击通道底部双指数参数电流模型,分析了雷电回击中的参数——回击速度与回击通道高度对雷电空间辐射电磁场的影响,并给出适合本文仿真计算的相应参数。 在视大地为无限大完纯导体的前提下,应用矩量法相关原理,通过仿真计算方法得到建筑物对置于其顶端探测站接收的雷电空间辐射磁场信号的影响情况,总结出相关规律,为今后探测站的布置提供理论依据。 利用仿真计算,当探测站直接置于大地表面而不是建筑物上时,通过比较不同建筑物尺寸和不同雷击点与建筑物之间距离,分析探测站周围建筑物对探测站接收到的磁场信号的干扰情况,得出探测站选址时应遵循的一般规律。 Lightning location system provides a good platform and data base for power system of lightning protection. In order to facilitate the supply and implementation the commissioning of its maintenance, detection stations of lightning location system were generally layout in the city. However, buildings in the city are maked up by concrete structure, which contains a large steel mesh. When the lightning return stroke occurs, due to its strong current, there will have electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction in the mesh, resulting in lightning electromagnetic field signals distortion in the communication process. When using the lightning electromagnetic field interference signals to calculate lightning parameters, because of the original data error, it will lead to inaccurate results, and therefore the various effects of thunder and lightning made wrong judgments, leading to misuse in a variety of engineering applications. Therefore, the study of lightning electromagnetic field signals in the building space propagation is essential. This paper was based on the transmission line model of lightning return stroke and double-exponential current model parameters of lightning return stroke channel bottom, analysis the effect of the lightning return stroke parameters-return stroke speed and height of the lightning return stroke channel to lightning electromagnetic fields space radiation. As the earth is infinite perfect electric conductor, the authors get the use of the method of moments, calculate the effects on lightning magnetic field received by detection stations which has been placed on top of lightning. Then summed up the relevant law, and provided a theoretical basis for future exploration. When the detection stations were placed on the surface of the earth, by comparing the different sizes and different distance between buildings to lightning points, and analysis the influence to lightning magnetic field signal from buildings nearby, the author comes to the conclusion that when placing detection stations, distance from buildings should be twice larger than the height of the building.

关 键 词： 雷电 雷电定位系统探测站 雷电磁场 建筑物

分 类 号： [TM865]

领　　域： [电气工程]